University students presented with a description of a stimulus person whose title of address was varied (Ms., Mrs., Miss, or Mr.) conveyed their impressions on semantic differential ratings and life outcome ratings. Found women who preferred the title Ms. appeared more achievement oriented, socially assertive, and dynamic, but less interpersonally…

A study of burnout among 67 residents in four programs found little relationship between burnout scores and situational and background factors, but numerous relationships were found among personality measures, burnout scores, and measures of regret about career choice, indicating the importance of interpersonal skills and comfort in mitigating…

A study of the Myers-Briggs personality types for graduating pharmacy students and faculty found gender and type differences among and between students and faculty. It is suggested that both students and faculty must be sensitive to and understand the preferences of the other group to maximize teaching and learning. (Author/MSE)

Experimental group mothers reported significantly greater self-confidence and satisfaction with mothering and more favorable perception of infant temperament than did control group mothers. Differences between children on cognitive scores became significant at 36 and 48 months of age, when the experimental group caught up with normal children. (RH)

Wary infants were more likely than bold infants to reference their mothers when the stimulus, a caged rabbit, was first presented; however, as the exploration period progressed, bold and wary infants referenced equally often. Referencing occurred less often than affective sharing. (RH)

Assessed differential contribution of personality to the explanation of variance in achievement in the mother tongue and mathematics at high school level in 1,200 Afrikaans-speaking students. The results indicated that personality, as measured by the High School Personality Questionnaire, aided the explication of variance in achievement in the…

Regular class (grades 3-6) teachers' (N=29) perceptions of the teachability of learning disabled students mainstreamed in their classes were assessed. Although neither student IQ nor achievement predicted teachers' perceptions, the student personality variables of self concept and locus of control did predict variance in perceived teachability.…

Examined relationship between membership in adolescent social crowds and vocational identity in early adulthood. In four samples (N=274), membership in five junior high school crowds (Motorheads, Brains, Freaks, Politicos, Conformists) was associated with higher scores on Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Enterprising, and Conventional scales,…

Analyzed adolescents' (N=500) evaluations of factors which would influence their sexual decisions. Results idetified six factors (family establishment competence, external morality, consequences of childbearing, self-enhancement through sexual intercourse, intimacy considerations regarding sexual intercourse, consequence of marriage) which were…

Comparison of characteristics of 12 average and 12 superior small business people in three developing nations (India, Malawi, and Ecuador) found proactive qualities such as initiative and assertiveness, achievement orientation, and commitment to others characteristic of successful entrepreneurs. Other expected qualities (self-confidence,…

Two studies on faculty aging--one using a psychological/developmental framework and the other a sociological/socialization model--are critiqued. A life-course perspective is introduced and the questions raised by the methodology are discussed. The contributions of the life-course framework are demonstrated. (Author/MLW)

Compared Thailand to United States in regard to children's psychological problems and corresponding clinic referral patterns. Overcontrolled problems (somaticizing, fearfulness, nervous movements, worrying) were reported more often for Thai than for American youth. Undercontrolled problems (disobedience, fighting, lying, arguing) were reported…

Comparison of a standardized production format measure, the Measure of Epistemological Reflection and an open-ended interview resulted in a high positive correlation to support the potential of standardized assessment of intellectual development. (Author/KS)

Explored Holland's congruency construct and effect of sex and race on Self-Directed Search response patterns in 29 black and 31 white undergraduates or postgraduate students enrolled in a Medical Education Preparatory Program. Results clearly support congruency of sample's code with the criterion code of Holland's sample, providing support for…

Olson's Circumplex Model hypothesizes that cohesiveness and adaptability dimensions measured on Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES) have a curvilinear relationship with family functioning. Study testing curvilinear hypothesis indicated that FACES II and III did not adequately operationalize curvilinear hypothesis. Findings…