To investigate the effect upon achievement of women who work in male-dominated professions and thus may feel tokenism, a study examined career outcomes of women who received medical training. Results indicated that women physicians were overrepresented as teachers, and the most powerful position, administrator, was primarily occupied by men. (KH)

Compares aspects of the work and private lives of 43 French and 20 Canadian managerial women with careers in essentially male occupations. Issues of socialization, coordination of work and family life, sponsorship in the workplace, sex ratios and division of labor, and equal opportunities are examined. (SK)

Describes a study that identified factors that nontraditional and traditional completers of vocational education programs perceived as barriers in obtaining their vocational goals. Concludes that many school-related problems remain, and makes recommendations for further research. (NRJ)

Four diverse groups of women (members of the university women's caucus, a sample of undergraduates, a group of secretarial and clerical women, and a nonworking group) agreed on the prestige accorded to different occupations. The same groups showed clear differences when asked whether the occupations were appropriate for women. (Author/EAK)

Discusses three major reasons why more women do not pursue research positions in science and technology: (1) lack of awareness of female role models; (2) social rejection in graduate schools and sexual pressures on the job; and (3) lack of technological literacy. Makes recommendations to solve these problems. (JOW)

The Realistic scale of the Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI) and the Realistic and Social scales of the Self Directed Search successfully differentiated the occupational groups. However, the VPI Social and Enterprising scales did not differentiate between men and women in the same occupation. (Author)

Encouragements and discouragements for achievement-related behavior were reported. Career women reported significantly more encouragement from teachers, family members (except parents), and significant others of the opposite sex. Career men reported more encouragement from parents; however, these differences were not significant. (Author)

A woman deputy state director of vocational education discusses what it takes to be an effective administrator and what it means to be a female in a predominantly male field. (JOW)

Studies of gender identity and activity preferences in young children and of the characteristics of work culture in traditional male trades are used to support the argument that women seeking nontraditional employment are faced with a work identity based on a traditional concept of masculinity. Reconstructing work cultures to ensure equal access…

The overrepresentation of Black females in traditional occupations stems from the emotions, beliefs, and environmental factors affecting their decision making. Conflicts between sex role socialization and that of Black subculture, as well as discrimination in hiring, are contributing factors. (SK)

Provides practical suggestions for employment counselors concerned with the advancement of women in nontraditional career fields. Focuses on employment counselor's role in promoting sex equity and nontraditional careers for women. (Author/NB)

Examined how students who completed either a traditional or nontraditional vocational education program perceived the assistance they received from school guidance counselors. Results suggest that many sources influence students' choice of program in vocational education. Guidance counselors seemed moderately helpful and supportive, although many…

A historical review notes the small numbers of men enrolled in home economics, largely specializing in institutional management. Lacking role models, males are most scarce in home economics education; those who do major in home economics prefer to be loosely identified with the profession. (SK)

Examined the personal narratives of 25 women excelling in mathematics, science, and technology careers to understand the importance of their self-efficacy beliefs. Findings suggest that the perceived importance of self-efficacy beliefs may be stronger for women in male-oriented domains than for those operating in traditional settings. (SLD)

Even if women overcome negative perceptions of computer-related jobs, studies of children and computers and of college students' responses to mock job ads indicate that abilities and traits for technology jobs may be associated more with one gender than the other. This may influence career choices in gender typical or atypical areas. (Contains 47…