It is suggested that the developmental phases of program evaluators replicate those of the profession of program evaluation. A trend in program evaluation from program amelioration to program advocacy and ultimately to program accountability is projected. (Author/MH)

Early identification of handicapped rural children is difficult due to the scarcity of rural preschools, medical and human services, and education about the handicapped. This article defines early identification, delineates its four steps and the significant and divergent approaches to it, noting advantages and disadvantages of developmental…

Discusses the need to improve interracial and cross-cultural relationships within therapeutic settings. Suggests strategies counselors can use to communicate more successfully with clients from different racial or ethnic backgrounds who have different values and personal characteristics. (MK)

Combines two major sociological formulations, primary and secondary systems and pattern variables, to create a model for analysis of problems in living. Offers a social system perspective for such analysis to serve as a supplement to intra- or interpersonal models used by human service workers, supervisors, and administrators. (Author)

While mental health center inpatient services will probably remain largely unaffected by diminishing federal grants, this loss of financial support will affect outpatient care. This paper examines how staffing patterns and work-load levels affect the ability to generate fee-for-service income from outpatient services while holding down costs.…

If the proposition is accepted that service agencies occupy unique environments, then single organism research designs (such as ABAB) and multiple baseline designs may provide more valuable information than currently accepted research methodologies. (Author/MH)

The park and recreation profession needs innovative and creative approaches to expand consumer control, not limit it; the voluntary nature of consumer involvement within park and recreation programs and services demands responsive professional practice. (JD)

Provides an overview of rehabilitation in Hawaii and the Pacific Basin. This future perspective includes a description of projected service needs and programs, with an emphasis upon education and training, and required resources. (Author/RK)

Asserts that "from among the multitude of independent variables that affect adjustment, several rather important clusters are relatively closer to existing knowledge and competence bases of mental health people. We need to ask which these are, and how their manipulation might promote more positive mental health outcomes." (Author/JM)

Examines how the child support enforcement program in Alaska has responded to the challenges of distance, weather, and cultural differences through training representatives, making waiting areas more comfortable, conducting random customer evaluation of services, establishing travel hubs in regional offices and meeting with community leaders and…

Service providers (n=63) were interviewed regarding menstrual management decision making for women with intellectual disabilities. The interviews focused on decision-making bases, opinions about decision-making processes, enhancing practical support for the young women and their families, and reviewing staff training and service delivery.…

Poses questions intended to stimulate more effective strategies to ensure gender, racial, and ethnic diversity in the counseling profession. Inconsistencies are noted between the strategies now being used to achieve diversity and the philosophical foundations of the counseling profession itself. Makes seven recommendations. (Author/RB)

Investigates the extent of aggression exposure and the effects of exposure on the psychological health of nursing staff in hospitals. Results suggested that nearly 40% of staff experienced psychological distress, while nearly 10% experienced moderate to severe depression. Results of the logistic analyses indicated that frequent exposure to…

Describes a code of ethics that reflects the unique history of the human service profession. Provides a definition for human services and gives guidelines in meeting responsibility to clients, to the community and society, and to colleagues. Also provides statements guiding responsibility to the profession, to employers, and to self. (RJM)

A survey of master's-level social work and counseling students found that a small minority (6.5 percent) expressed intolerant attitudes toward lesbians and gay men, and that predictors of acceptance included religion, race, sexual orientation, gender, and academic degree sought. Attitudes for which at least 15 percent of the sample expressed…