Divorce can have traumatic financial and emotional effects on midlife and older women who have fulfilled cultural expectations by becoming homemakers or accepting low-level, dead-end employment because the husband had the "real" career. This "gray paper" therefore addresses the adverse legal consequences of the rise of no-fault…

The process of the implementation and institutionalization of change is examined in this training module for school leaders. Based on a combination of theory and practice, five activities are conducted at two levels: an awareness level to introduce concepts; and an action level for more experienced participants. Activity modules include indicators…

In June 1989, the Kentucky Supreme court ruled the state's elementary and secondary school system unconstitutional. A Task Force on Education Reform provided recommendations to the General Assembly for reforming the educational system which resulted in the Kentucky Education Reform Act of 1990. This act mandates the creation of a system of public…

Cohn's theme-centered group process is designed to create a balance between concentration on a group topic or theme and the therapeutic dynamics of group interaction. This study investigated the effect of Cohn's group process on the self-concepts of ninth grade students. Four themes, or teaching units, were chosen for inclusion based on the…

Focusing on investigating processes of curricular and instructional change for the period 1976-82, the study examined change processes in 2 medium size (400-500 students) Vermont rural high schools not known for being innovative. The research framework was constructed around the change process model and accompanying subprocesses of mobilization,…

School change is not the rational deliberate process that some people might believe it is. One of the realities of schooling is that teachers possess their own theories about what they do, and about what is reasonable, feasible, and possible in classroom teaching. This is invariably knowledge based upon 'lived experiences,' rather than on the…

This report sets forth the position of the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) on reform measures in the public schools. The first section deals with securing and retaining an adequate number of talented teachers through the professionalization of teaching. Recommendations are made on professional salaries; teacher shortage areas and the…

A research project was undertaken to analyze the effect of increased science and math high school graduation requirements and to develop models to minimize the impact of these increases on vocational course enrollments. Data from survey instruments sent to Colorado's 174 school districts, state directors of vocational education, and state…

A study evaluated the various aspects of the Maryland Job Service, including the services it provides, coordination between the service and related agencies, the degree to which services provided are congruent with and driven by federal mandates, and employers' and applicants' perceptions of the service. Job services available in other states were…

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), between 1981 and 1986 approximately 10.8 million persons lost jobs in a manner suggesting that the job losses would be permanent. Experienced workers with three or more years of tenure made up about 5.1 million of the total number of individuals whom BLS reports have termed "displaced…

The use of computers by institutional researchers is considered, with a focus on West Germany and Europe. Two developmental stages concerning higher education's political and economic contexts and information technology are addressed, along with the emerging tasks of instititutional research in higher education, and the functioning of…

Implementing computers and other elements of high tech into the classroom involves sound visionary planning, a comprehensive, diverse group of educators, and on-going staff development. The computer should be used as a problem-solving tool in a variety of settings and applications, the ramifications of which demand that educators in all subject…

Indian languages seem to have emerged from a phase of total dependence on English for new input. Several Indian languages have now evolved vocabularies and structural nuances to handle several new registers and styles necessary for modern society. Some of the change has occurred through conscious language policy encouraging multilingualism and the…

Ten recommendations for increasing minority participation in graduate education are offered by the Council of Graduate Schools (CGS) Task Force on Minorities in Graduate Education. The recommendations are submitted for approval and implementation by the Board of CGS. The recommendations include the following: CGS should begin a Minority Dean in…

This document reviews research on the implementation by teachers of new classroom procedures. The document also traces trends in methods for encouraging instructional innovation as these trends were influenced by the research findings. The report begins with an account of the curriculum reform movement, which featured nonteaching experts telling…