Discusses the difficulties involved in determining the cost of clinical research in light of the changing health care market. These include confusion about terminology, lack of specificity, estimation of the cost of complications, duration of patient participation, and the assignment of personnel and infrastructure costs. (MDM)

Explores the net effects of institutional type on degree attainment. Suggests that two-year matriculants are less likely to earn a Bachelors Degree than students first enrolling at four-year colleges. Findings hold even when differences are controlled between the two groups by researchers. Seeks to determine if the established pattern in valid…

Reviews the role of the Council for Exceptional Children's (CEC) Teacher Education Division (TED) in improving the opportunities available to children with diverse needs and characteristics and in changing societal views of individuals with diverse needs. Also addresses the future role of CEC in developing and maintaining appropriate teacher…

Discusses the history of the New Zealand Council for Educational Research and the functions and research projects of its Early Childhood Unit. Discusses the relationship between research and practice in early child development and education within the context of the council's early childhood work. (RJC)

Discusses what traditional science encompasses and what a science of values might encompass. Presents the shortcomings inherent in the traditional scientific approach by discussing phenomena that illustrate how values of individuals can be created and destroyed by certain kinds of experiences. Examines economic imperialism and changing means-ends…

The institution-based model for providing services to individuals with disabilities has limitations in both developing and developed countries. The community-based rehabilitation model was positively evaluated by the World Health Organization as an alternative approach, but the evaluation is questioned on methodological and philosophical grounds.…

This article discusses the ways that universities deal with controversial issues that are widely publicized in the popular press. Citing specific cases involving the University of Virginia, the University of Utah, the University of Pennsylvania, and Brown University (Rhode Island), it examines institutional public relations in the wake of…

A Weberian perspective suggests that increased perceptions of environmental risk are related to fears of recreancy (institutional failure to fulfill societal responsibilities) rather than to ignorance or irrationality. Regarding nuclear waste facilities, analyses of survey data find that the recreancy perspective explains three times more variance…

Reviews policies that can encourage greater faculty interest in adopting new technologies from the perspective of faculty and institutional obligations. Suggests that as faculty roles change with regard to technology use, so should compensation and institutional support. (JDI)

Describes the changes Miami-Dade Community College implemented in order to cope with decreases in funding. Explains how the college was able to preserve many of its programs through increased operating efficiency. (JDI)

The authors use the creation and implementation of the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) as a lens through which to view evolving public policy toward infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families, and ZERO TO THREE's growing sophistication and impact in the policy arena. Beginning in 1986, P.L. 99-457 (later renamed…

Campus chapels once bespoke a school's curriculum, defined the student body, contributed to ambiance, and served as a recruitment tool for parents looking to religion to influence their children's character. As schools strayed from their religious roots, encountered pressing program needs, and faced funding concerns, many of these rarely used…

Purpose: This paper develops a theoretical framework to guide future inquiry into board governance of independent schools. Design/methodology/approach: The authors' approach is to integrate literatures related to corporate and educational boards, motivation, leadership and group processes that are appropriate for conceptualizing independent school…

This handbook contains eight sections and thirty-five short chapters on topics related to being a member of a California community college governing board. The eight sections are: (1) California Community Colleges; (2) The Governing Board; (3) Toward An Effective Board; (4) Policy, Planning and Monitoring; (5) The Board and the CEO; (6)…

Few studies have examined graduate students and stress. At a large, Southeastern university, 223 graduate students completed a survey about factors contributing their stress, current coping strategies and related university services. A majority felt stressed (48.9%) or very stressed (24.7%). There were significant differences in coping strategies…