Explores the use of Homer's "Odyssey" as a source of definitions and legitimations of many current accounts of mentoring. Identifies an emerging discourse of mentoring which exerts control not only over the young people being mentored, but also over career guidance staff expected to act as mentors in new Personal Adviser roles. (Contains…

Addresses art therapy for homebound people, giving special attention to the set of needs for this environment; the desired personality traits of the in-home therapist; the structure of the therapeutic relationship; and appropriate art therapy goals. Presents two case studies of home-bound art therapy which demonstrate the complexities and…

Career assessment will increasingly focus on determining readiness for problem solving and decision making. Career shoppers (who are previewing career services before committing) and career helpers will collaborate in new service delivery contexts. The Internet will enable direct participation in comprehensive career assessment. (Author/SK)

Three interviews each with five people who had articulated a life mission and analysis of their journals delineated the relationship of life mission to self-directed and transformative learning. New learning experiences refocus mission. The stronger and more focused the mission, the stronger and more focused the learner's self-direction. (SK)

Case studies of two women use the concept of sponsor--an agent who supported or hampered their literacy learning. The relationship between literacy learning and economic change is revealed as both women experienced the decline of agriculture ad rise in industrialization and corporate control. (SK)

Surveys 167 counselors on their etiology and responsibility attributions and models of helping. Participants responded to vignettes describing a client experiencing symptoms of either an identity or adjustment problem. Counselors endorsed all of P. Brickman et al.'s (1982) models of helping for both problem types, and selected attributions…

Early theoretical work on social exchange focused on how exchange relations generate social structural outcomes. Specifically, gift giving was said to evoke status structures. No experimental evidence exists to verify or refute the notion that gift giving during exchange processes generates status hierarchies. We present experimental results…

During the developmental stage of adolescence young people face many stressful challenges (Dacey & Kenny, 1997). Some adolescents manage these challenges adaptively but others do not and are therefore at the risk of adopting maladaptive responses to stress (Frydenberg & Lewis, 2002; Patton & Noller, 1990). Because adolescents are…

This report is focused on the use of affective pointers (acknowledgements and hedges) detected in exchanges between learners and tutors on asynchronous mathematics online help sites. In this environment, both students and tutors use feedback in form of acknowledgements to control communication and assess its success. Hedges, or insecurities, point…

This article examines whether the motive behind community service performed during high school--either voluntary or required--influences engagement in volunteer work during the young adult years. Using a sample of students from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (N = 9,966), service work in high school is linked with community…

This account is by a youth who grew up in a culture of unspeakable violence. Shuttled from one abusive environment to another, Joshua spent many years in foster placements, treatment programs, and correctional facilities. Craving to be loved, he finally found a person who believed in his potential for greatness. Here Joshua recounts his powerful…

Background: Studies support the use of family-centred practices in service delivery to families where a parent has an intellectual disability. This paper examines the importance of such practices to parents. Materials and Methods: Interview responses from 32 parents with intellectual disability were coded by two independent raters as reflecting…

This digest on counselor intentionality notes that the counseling profession has historically searched for characteristics and behaviors that contribute to successful helping relationships. It identifies one such characteristic, the counselor's level and degree of intentionality, as relating to the notion that successful counselors select their…

The primary purpose of this volume is to awaken a realization on the part of helping professionals that some people have real-life emotional and psychological distress that cannot be defined or treated, like traditional psychopathological problems. Professionals must identify real-life problems that must be treated if the person is to live…

A graduate student at a large research university (later a teacher at a small state college in Arkansas) succumbed to, rebelled against, jumped into, and refrained from many varieties of mentoring and being mentored. Mentoring is like institutionalized parenting, containing exchanges analogous to the range of exchanges that happen between parent…