Summarizes award winning research reports dealing with (1) learning disabilities and reading; (2) teaching critical reading in Brazil; (3) culture, language, school, and literacy; (4) the development of discourse-synthesizing abilities; (5) the acquisition of word meaning from context by high and low ability children; and (6) reciprocal teaching.…

These aspects of research on higher education in the German Democratic Republic are discussed: research objectives based on the social requirements of the 1980s and 1990s, selected research topics and dissemination of results, research methodology, and research management in a national and international framework. (MSE)

Two distinct kinds of higher education research in Israel are noted: scholarly research intended for the international scientific community, and applied research published in Hebrew in the form of reports or in daily periodicals and intended for the use of administrators, civil servants, and politicians. (MSE)

While patents have become potentially valuable properties for American research universities, they pose some significant ethical dilemmas concerning objectivity to or by the faculty that can and should be resolved. (MSE)

Current issues in selecting, structuring, and implementing microcomputer database management systems in research administration offices are discussed, and their capabilities are illustrated with the system used by the University of North Carolina at Wilmington. Trends in microcomputer technology and their likely impact on research administration…

This paper reviews progress of computer-assisted learning technology to date with particular focus on National Research Council of Canada Computer Assisted Learning Project, and projects some computer-assisted learning developments to be expected during the rest of the 1980s. (MBR)

Issues in the definition of peace research are discussed, the origins and founding institutions of peace research in Europe are chronicled, and the status of peace research projects and programs in universities in the European countries and related conferences, organizations, and publications are outlined. Nordic and socialist countries are…

The effects of age and education on Halstead test performance were examined in this cross-validation of the Vega and Parsons study. Differences between correlation in psychiatric patients and medical-surgical control subjects are discussed, as is the importance of age, and differences in reference groups when making clinical inferences about brain…

Changes in self-concept as a function of behavioral treatment for test anxiety are investigated. Test-anxious subjects (N=72) were randomly assigned to systematic desensitization, relaxation-training only, or no-treatment control conditions. Results indicate that the desensitization and relaxation treatments were both effective in reducing test…

Seriously ill female psychiatric patients (N=59) were randomly assigned to an inpatient or day service. Data indicate the day treatment is, on the whole, superior to inpatient treatment in subjective distress, community functioning, family burden, total hospital cost, and days of attachment to the hospital program. (Author)

Individual differences in optimal level of stimulation as operationalized by the Sensation Seeking Scale significantly differentiated volunteers for hypnosis and encounter groups from non-volunteers. This confirmed predictions and extended the findings of previous work regarding encounter group volunteers. (NG)

Questionnaire responses of second- and third-grade teachers selected because of relatively high consistency in producing student learning gains on standardized achievement tests (n=30) were compared with responses of teachers working in the same school system at the same grade levels (n=38). The highly consistent teachers were more traditional in…

Undergraduate teachers-in-training (n=94) were introduced to a hypothetical child through biased psychological reports that differed according to the described child's sex, favorability of the report, and behavioral vs. descriptive style of the psychological reports. The subjects rated an essay and a report card for the hypothetical child. Results…

It was hypothesized that children brought up under coercive power would be more likely to exhibit immediate gratification, whereas children brought up under noncoercive power would be more likely to delay gratification. The hypothesis was confirmed. (Author)

Subjects' attraction to the counselor, self-reported and physiological anxiety, and susceptibility to persuasion were compared using two types of counseling analogues, quasi-counseling and vicarious-participation. Participants in the quasi-counseling analogue were significantly more attracted to the counselor than were vicarious-participation…