Mentors' roles include standing behind the learner (creating a supportive "holding environment"); leading the learner (acting as guide); face to face (listening, questioning, making connections); and shoulder to shoulder (acting as companion, ally, and co-learner). (SK)

Argues that autistic people experience greater comfort from imposed routines than from a yielding form of love and understanding called naive humanism. Assesses the flaws of naive humanism via Collin's theory of action, a reductionist approach. Compares the different social contexts of care of autistic people. (Author/CCM)

The present study used a multiple baseline across participants design to assess whether 4 children with autism could learn a generalized repertoire of helping adults with different tasks through the use of a multicomponent teaching package. Different helping responses were taught in the presence of multiple exemplars of discriminative stimuli…

For Dr. William Glasser (1965), the world-famous originator of Reality Therapy, the first question that he generally asks of all those who seek his services is: "What do you want?" While seeking to acquire an answer to this inquiry, however, he strongly recommends that the therapist also "make friends with the client," so that the relationship is…

Two experiments investigated the proclivity of 14-month-old infants (a) to altruistically help others toward individual goals, and (b) to cooperate toward a shared goal. The infants helped another person by handing over objects the other person was unsuccessfully reaching for, but did not help reliably in situations involving more complex goals.…

The field of accountancy plays a vital role in the financial health of modern-day economies. It also attracts very large numbers of students, many for whom English is not their first language, who train in a variety of undergraduate and postgraduate programs at English-medium universities. Yet, surprisingly, the discourse of accountants has been…

Is helping behaviour (i.e., solicited help and peer tutoring) during cooperative learning (CL) related to subsequent learning gains? And can teachers influence pupils' helping behaviour? One hundred and one 5th grade pupils from multiethnic schools, 10-12 years old, participated in the study. Forty-two pupils (31 immigrant pupils) worked in an…

Background: Research on social skills in physical education has shown that students' fair play behaviors remain underdeveloped unless teachers include social skills instruction into the curriculum. Fair play behaviors are learned behaviors that are specific to the context of physical education and sport, and may generalize to other settings. One…

As choral directors across the country work to prepare their choirs for concerts, festivals, and contests, it is a common practice for them to invite a guest clinician to attend rehearsals for guidance and assistance. The rationale for this idea is logical and simple--two heads are better than one. However, the actual visit can be anything from a…

According to an influential view, empathy has, and should have, a role in ethics, but it is by no means clear what is meant by "empathy", and why exactly it is supposed to be morally good. Recently, Peter Goldie has challenged that view. He shows how problematic empathy is, and argues that taking an external perspective is morally…

Seeking to put a face on educators' conceptualizations of caring, this study examines findings from open-ended surveys of 144 teacher candidates, classroom teachers, and college faculty associated with a mid-Atlantic university's teacher education program. Reflecting theoretical constructs described in the literature on resilience,…

The number of recent immigrants and refugees in the United States is growing dramatically. Among key reasons for migration is search for adequate employment and hope for opportunities to develop occupationally. However, recent immigrants and refugees face multiple obstacles in their career development in the United States. This article uses social…

Three-person interracial teams were presented with a series of problems in a business management simulation. Two team members were experimental confederates, one black and one white. The remaining team member was the research subject, a young white male from a region frequently associated with racial prejudice. In the course of the experiment, the…

The existential approach to counseling emphasizes the activity of willing and decision, the uniqueness of the individual, the centrality of the Eigenwelt (the world of the self and the person's relation to that self), and the inadequacy of empirical knowledge in self-understanding. (Author)

The Carkhuff helping model is presented to show where counselor-client value conflicts are likely to occur, and a value conflict resolution training model is provided to help counselors assess value conflicts and resolve them in ways that promote client-counselor success. (Author)