Recent evidence indicates that subjects experience "distress" when they are beneficiaries of an inequitable distribution of rewards in a dyad. Yet, reinforcement theory postulates that individuals should experience more pleasure, the greater the reward they receive. An impression management hypothesis would reconcile these apparently opposing…

This study demonstrates that a population of high-achieving young women with sufficient motivation and ability for acceleration in science may be readily identified and that acceleration in science is practical for such a group. To test the effects of participation in a research-oriented multi-disciplinary college course (Research Introduction to…

The purpose of the document is to promote the exchange of information and the coordination and cooperation of activities in the field of educational research in Europe. This document is the third in a series of surveys, presenting information for September 1970 through September 1972. One-hundred and sixty-three research projects from 63…

This self-instructive workbook focuses on ways in which the teacher can gather helpful information regarding activities with students. It is supplemented by a program and a support system that includes instruction, teaching experiences for practice, discussions, and individual conferences. The two major goals of the workbook are to enable teachers…

Until recently research on women's educational and occupational aspirations has ignored the role of sex role ideology (SRI) and has concentrated primarily on college women. This study was implemented with 270 grade 12 girls, 25 percent of whom were from lower class backgrounds. Four scales of SRI were administered: femininity, power, division of…

This report describes the experimental studies conducted to examine the role of mental structures in four different areas of research. The first area involves the structural analysis of isolable subsystems involved in visual and auditory pattern recognition. The second area involves the study of the encoding and retrieval of emotional or…

This study explores counseling preferences of college students and their relationship to students' sex, major, and year in school. A questionnaire (Direction-Unconscious Motivation Scale) designed to assess attitudes toward psychoanalytic, behavioral therapy and client-centered counseling approaches was given to 683 volunteers who were students at…

Forty-four 5th graders and their mothers were interviewed about parental discipline practices toward the child. Responses were coded as indicating parental use of power assertion, love-withdrawal, or teaching (induction). Mother-child agreement and the interrelationships among the discipline types are discussed. Sex of child, measures of SES, and…

Quality of performance feedback provided an individual may have pronounced impact on his motivation level and be at least partly responsible for social facilitation results. Male students (N=118) performed a dart-throwing task in the presence or absence of a three-person evaluative audience. After each of seven trials they received consistently…

This paper is a draft for the American Psychological Association Symposium on the conditioning of verbal behavior and attitudes. The author presents the results of several studies he conducted in the classical conditioning of meaning and attitude. These studies attempt to control the measurement effects created by extraneous variables operating on…

In other studies to be reported in this symposium, the others-concept is seen to be a psychological construct of emerging importance for understanding children's behavior. It would appear, however, to have relevance for all age groups. Thus this researcher sought to investigate whether or not the relationships which had been previously found…

The research literature surrounding TGT, an instructional technique employing team competition, indicates that the technique facilitates social processes and academic achievement in the junior high school classroom. The present study extends the test of TGT by employing the technique in third grade classes, teaching basic language arts skills for…

The objectives of this study were to: (a) identify those attitudes which best serve to explain the concept of teacher militancy, and (b) provide a basis for development of concise instruments for the assessment of such attitudes. A survey instrument, entitled "Classroom Teacher Point of View," was constructed to assess attitudes of teachers…

This study attempted to understand and define the concepts of creativity and self-actualization and to ascertain, first, if creative people are highly self-actualized, and second, if self-actualized people are highly creative. Four tests (Personal Orientation Inventory, Torrence Tests of Creative Thinking, Similes Preference Inventory, Lafferty's…

This report hypothesized that Indian university students approve of abortion, that religiosity neutralizes the influence of education in abortion attitudes, and that Indian students are more liberal in their attitudes on abortion than American Catholic students. To test these hypotheses, the author collected data from 150 students from two…