Studies attitudes toward childlessness using questions commissioned on a Gallup survey of voting-age adults in 1977. They regard offspring as socially instrumental. Nonparenthood is a disadvantaged status. Men regard childlessness as disadvantageous significantly more often than women. Less advantaged groups regard reproduction as a social…

Examines the relationship between voluntary childlessness and marital adjustment. Voluntarily childless wives were precision-matched with mothers on education, religion, and participation in the labor force. There was a positive relationship between childlessness and enhanced marital adjustment and satisfaction. The small difference was related to…

Examines the extent to which spouse's level of education hinders or helps the careers of Ph.D. recipients. Findings indicate that having a Ph.D. spouse negatively affected wives' labor-force participation and husbands' offices held and articles published. Marriage to a highly educated spouse has at least some negative career effects. (Author)

Describes a university undergraduate course in community studies which was taught through an historical, geographical, and sociological approach using primary sources and research techniques. (KC)

Procedures were evaluated for teaching four institutionalized adult males with profound retardation necessary skills to increase their individual freedom of movement. Following baseline, a travel training program with a backward chaining format was implemented to teach each person to walk independently from his living area to school. (Author)

The role of industry in the planning and management of research is discussed. It is suggested that university research should be ahead of industry and industry should not try to influence academic programs in the basic sciences. (Author/SF)

Examines the role of public library services in adult literacy education, the definition of literacy, the nature of service clientele, literacy program development, literacy research projects, patterns of service, materials service, and librarian training for such services. References are given. (FM)

Discusses the fact that many food plants derive from domesticated rather than natural strains, and that natural germplasm or genetic strains used in the plant-improvement process must be carefully preserved. (MLH)

Prior theoretical formulations have suggested that client exposure to levels of personal risk and responsibility most conducive to optimal group development can be regulated with group structure. Analysis of variance results indicated the highest frequency of therapeutically relevant behaviors occurred in the high-structure and high-risk-taking…

Concurrent validity of the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII) and predictive validity of the Strong Vocational Interest Blank (SVIB) were studied in an 18-year follow-up of a university counseling center group of male college graduate subjects. The SCII had concurrent validity greater than the SVIB. (Author)

Absolute ratings on the Microcounseling Skill Discrimination Scale (MSDS) confound the individual's use of the rating scale and actual ability to discriminate effective and ineffective counselor behaviors. This note suggests methods of scoring the MSDS that will eliminate variability attributable to response language and improve the validity of…

Cross-sex equalization of vocational interests in the college population was tested by comparing 150 female and 150 male college counselees with the "women in general" and "men in general" samples of the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory. College females differed little from women in general. (Author)

The Psychological Screening Inventory (PSI) was administered to 1,123 subjects in the 13-16 year age range. This group was divided into groups less likely and a more likely to appear in court. These were compared to a group on juvenile probation. Significant differences were found on several of the PSI scales. (Author)

Two studies are reported. The first presents the standardization of the 16-scale Clarke Parent-Child Relations Questionnaire (PCR) for adults. Two bipolar factors emerged, one for mother and one for father. The second study compared seven sexually deviant male groups with normal controls. (Author)

Videotaped models and role playing were investigated for their effects on delinquents' interpersonal behavior at school and their group home. Experimental subjects improved more than controls during the group home videotapes period, but was not maintained. No effect of the school videotapes was found, possibly due to a ceiling effect. (NG)