Investigated the relationship between the self-concept of four- and five-year-old children in day care, and the frequency of their prosocial behavior. Results indicated a significant correlation between self-concept and cooperative behaviors. Self-initiated cooperative behavior was more effective than other-initiated behavior. (Author/BB)

Describes a multiservice intervention program, Teaching Interpersonal Expertise to Strengthen Systems (TIES), that is designed to support efforts of Head Start children, families, and staff, and improve the access of these individuals to mental health services. (BB)

Used data from High School and Beyond study to compare perceptions of counseling activities of handicapped high school seniors to perceptions of nonhandicapped seniors. Found that handicapped subjects perceived counselors as influencing their post-high school plans more than did nonhandicapped students. Handicapped group perceived differences in…

Conducted 161 interviews to analyze the way that older married persons living--or having a spouse living--in a long-term care institution perceive their marriages following relocation. Results suggested that relocation did not affect respondents' marriage perceptions. Continuity theory helped in understanding these marital views. (RJM)

This article describes models and methods of advocacy for families of children with disabilities in elementary and middle school, including self-advocacy, social support advocacy, interpersonal advocacy, and legal advocacy. Issues for parents during these years are discussed, as are the role and needs of siblings. Advocacy is seen as a dynamic…

Describes a counselor-training model focusing on American Indian students developed by the University of Montana's Educational Leadership & Counselor Education Graduate Program. Reviews course design and content and refers to resource materials to initiate further dialogue about the content of culture-specific curricula addressing American…

Examined the distinguishing features of African American social support networks from an ecological perspective. Found that African American families function within an ecological framework with implications for support received and network membership. Types of support network and membership are experienced differently across family structure,…

The effects of a revising goal to "add information" on revising behavior and writing performance were examined for 70 5th and 6th graders. Students assigned the goal made more meaning-based changes and produced improved text quality. Procedural assistance did not appreciably enhance revising behavior or text quality. (SLD)

Studied 120 children's understanding of indebtedness. Fifth graders reported a diminished obligation to reciprocate help that was given at a low cost to the helper; the obligation remained high for first and third graders. All children reported more obligation to reciprocate help from acquaintances than help from friends. (LB)

Mental health counselors (n=90) rated 24 items as particularly important in working with clients with mental retardation or psychiatric disturbances. Knowledge and skills rated as significant included areas such as counseling relationship, dealing with specific psychiatric disorders, training clients in specific behavioral skills, and dual…

The feminist movement has influenced counseling psychology in the following areas: (1) policy and leadership; (2) theory and research; (3) training and practice; and (4) recognition of feminist scholarship and contributions by women. Tracing these areas of impact reveals feminism as a major force in developing inquiry and practice. (SLD)

Interviewed health care professionals in 1989 and Puerto Rican church-goers and proprietors in 1990 to study the helping process for persons with AIDS and attitudes related to helping. Found that a dissonance was created when cultural characteristics of nurturance, support, and caring clash with feelings of fear, stigma, and anger and cause…

Three principles of work distribution were considered: (1) direct cause; (2) self-regulation; and (3) continuing responsibility. Children of 8, 11, and 14 years of age performed a job sorting task and commented on the fairness of work arrangements in vignettes. Results showed a differential development for the three principles rather than a…

A case is discussed in which parents of a disabled child seek counseling for the strain placed on their relationship by child care demands. The importance of understanding each other's perspective on child care and home management is emphasized, along with sharing burdens and maintaining open communication through stressful years. (PB)

A middle-school French teacher describes her frustrated efforts to discipline students and plow through the curriculum. She finally realized her job was not to dominate her classroom, turn out French scholars, or win a popularity contest. She settled for helping a few kids "beyond this point." (MLH)