Interviews with 130 Dutch professionals helping incest victims and 50 adult women who were incest victims as children found that assistance was hampered by institutional distrust, inability of professionals to stop ongoing incest, frequent breaking off of contact by the young girls, professionals' shortcomings in knowledge and skills, and…

Findings are reported from an exploratory study involving 30 elementary student teachers. The goal of the study was to develop collegiality among student teachers. Results indicate that collegiality is fostered by opportunities to share responsibility, knowledge, and resources. Two forms of collegiality were identified: helping behaviors and…

Examines five issues related to females as mentors in higher education: self-disclosure and personal boundaries, nurturing, female authority, conflict and competition, and hierarchy. Considers these issues central to understanding the difficulties women have in the mentoring process. (SK)

Describes Peer Assistance Leaders, a peer facilitator program designed and implemented at a small rural junior high school. Peer helpers had roles of helping with orientation, registration, coordination of theme works, adjustment, and students with academic difficulties. Concludes program was a success with grade point averages and classroom…

A discussion of the value of a caring attitude in the advisor-advisee relationship is supported by a review of literature in the field. A list of 30 reminders for effective advising and an inventory for students to fill out concerning their perceptions of their advisor are appended. (MSE)

Examined effect of children on social integration and isolation of married people (N=2,194) over three life stages through use of a family life course perspective and social exchange theory. Found parents whose children had left home were most involved and "permanently" childless couples most isolated. Concluded social isolation of childless…

Reports reactions of university students to the physical appearance of children with growth disorders of dwarfism, or sex-linked trisomy, compared to children with normal body proportions. Normal children were rated more favorably on physical attractiveness. Discussed the impact of perceived age and height-weight characteristics on…

Conflict generally exists in relationships between families of disabled individuals and care agencies, with the amount of conflict depending on the condition and age of the handicapped person, sociocultural level of the family, and characteristics of the agencies. A model is proposed for improved dialogue between families and professional teams.…

Designed model program designed to increase social support for newly admitted nursing home residents through a structured program of peer counseling. Found residents (N=15) receiving peer counseling improved somewhat on measures of social conditioning; peer counselors (N=15) improved with regard to appearance and grooming. (Author/ABL)

An enabling and empowering model of helping relationships is proposed to promote increased parent participation in family-centered care of health-impaired children. The model includes descriptions of three clusters of helping behaviors (prehelping, helping, and posthelping) that have competency-producing influences. The model's use is illustrated…

Clinical data from 140 primary caregivers seeking dementia evaluation for family member were analyzed to establish psychometric properties of a caregiver burden screen. Results indicate cutoff values were both sensitive and specific to negative caregiving outcomes. Findings suggest use of burden screen may assist clinicians when assessing adequacy…

While Carol Gilligan was countering Lawrence Kohlberg's justice theories with feminist theories of caring, Kohlberg was inaugurating an alternative, caring-centered, "just-community" high school. The just-community approach draws on Dewey's and Piaget's notions of schools as democracies nourishing moral development and Durkheim's vision…

A total of 101 students in grades 3, 4, and 5 were given a 3-week course in helping behaviors before being taught math concepts in cooperative-learning groups of 5 to 6 students. Results demonstrated that giving and receiving explanations or other meaningful help were related positively with academic achievement. (MDM)

In addition to empirical, technical, and theoretical aspects of counseling, there are distinctly human features of the therapeutic relationship that promote change in clients and students. A humanist and a behaviorist reach a consensus as to what most counselors and educators could agree are the human dimensions of helping. (Author)

A British project developed standards for supporting adult learners based on learner centeredness, confidentiality, impartiality, equal opportunity, and accessibility. Guidelines address reaching geographically dispersed learners, providing diverse services, encouraging learner responsibility, and establishing performance indicators. (SK)