The author describes a program for treatment of alcoholism among Baltimore's growing population of American Indians. Although the program is still in the early stages of operation, its chance of success seems to be promising because it takes into account conflicting influences of the Indian and American cultures. (Author)

Using past experience, describes important issues in working with adolescent parents. Discusses why teenage parenthood is a vital social concern, who is at risk, what methods promote competent parenting among adolescents, how can parental competence be promoted among youth, and what issues require further attention from researchers and…

Senior nursing students (n=350) completed the Caring Ability Inventory, Parental Bonding instrument, and a school climate inventory. Those with highest caring ability scored at both highest and lowest levels of maternal care. Caring school climate was the strongest predictor of caring ability, but only 52% rated their schools high in caring. (SK)

A study of three children (ages 11-13) without disabilities who served as peer supports for students with disabilities in general education classrooms found that serving as a peer support had positive academic effects on the students without disabilities. Follow-up probes demonstrated that the positive benefits regarding academic engagement…

Two children (ages 7-8) with autism and eight typical peers participated in a study designed to replicate an earlier finding of successful social-skills intervention for children with autism using peer-implemented pivotal response training (PRT). The results of using multiple peer trainers on generalization of treatment effects were assessed.…

Examined the extent and type of assistance older people provided to others. Age, gender, and perceived health status were the most consistent predictors of assistance. Help with instrumental activities of daily living, either alone or in combination with other activities of daily living, was the most common type of personal care provided. (RJM)

Uses an existentialist perspective to examine the current empirical stress/adaptation model that guides caregiving of persons with dementia. Compares and contrasts key elements, strengths, and limitations of each model and isolates areas of convergence/divergence in both perspectives. Identifies implications for future theory development,…

Examines transference issues over a nine-month period between a white, female counselor and a black, male client. Attempts to show the positive effects that may come about through a non-ethnic- and non-gender-matched, counselor-client dyad and subsequent benefits to clients of counselor similarity and difference. (RJM)

Three adolescent boys with autism were taught to offer assistance to a person stating inability to complete a task. Generalization of skills in a variety of settings varied across youths, although all three boys showed some transfer of skills to all conditions. (Author/DB)

Surveyed Asian-American students (N=816) to determine their level of acculturation and preference for help providers. Asian-identified respondents rated counselors/psychologists higher than did Western-identified respondents. Findings suggesting that values of more traditional Asian-Americans do not seem to be antithetical to seeing counselors for…

Investigated effects of variation of personal cost to the helper and perceived neediness of the person helped upon the helping behavior of 96 children of 43-67 months. Data indicated that the helping stimulus, the absence of behavior by the person helped, and cost contributed to the prediction of helping response type. (RJC)

Examines the role of others' emotions and children's responsive empathy with those emotions in the context of children's motivation to help others. (PCB)

It is proposed that Gilligan's 1982 work on the ethic of caring provides nursing with a paradigm for moral deliberation compatible with nursing philosophical and historical traditions of relational caring, and gives empirical support for the value of caring as a moral activity, more appropriately than Lawrence Kohlberg's theory. (MSE)

Examined use by Black adults (N=1,322) of informal helpers during serious personal problems. Found network size predicted by age, gender, income, familial contact, and problem type. Discussed significance of informal network in providing assistance during personal crisis. (Author/CM)

The functional relation between the need for academic assistance and help seeking was examined for 612 undergraduates at a large midwestern university. Results support a curvilinear relation between help seeking and need for assistance; help-seeking increased from low to moderate need levels, then decreased for high need levels. (TJH)