The number of students experiencing homelessness in Massachusetts has grown substantially over the last few years. More than 31,000 Massachusetts students experienced homelessness during the 2023-2024 school year, a 20 percent increase from the previous year. We know homelessness puts an immense strain on child development and that experiencing…

Since culturally relevant teaching was first introduced by Ladson-Billings in 1994, American schools have become even more racially and ethnically diverse, and post-COVID revealed a wider performance gap between Black and Hispanic students compared to White students. What is less clear is how culturally responsive school leaders are standing up…

The article presents the results of an analytical study that explores the development patterns of universities that participate in the Russian Academic Excellence Initiative (the 5-100 Project) in terms of their financing structure, their priority development areas, and the trends for key performance indicators. By using statistical methods,…

State support for public higher education has been a primary concern for decades. Online education has been identified previously as an alternative revenue source that can offer financial relief to colleges and universities. This study uses IPEDS data and a fixed effects regression approach to examine whether public universities increase their…

The United States currently invests only 2 percent of the federal budget on education. The federal investment in education is crucial to ensure access to high quality education from pre-school to higher education, fill gaps where local and state funding is insufficient or where new priorities and needs arise, and help with the costs of federally…

Financing is the lifeblood of any public policy. First, because the availability of monetary resources conditions the affordability and sustainability of this policy. Second, because the financing systems in place, including the channels, mechanisms and tools for resource collection, allocation and management, are essential, structural factors to…

Part B, Section 619 of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is intended to help ensure that all eligible preschool children with disabilities, aged 3-5 years, receive special education and related services. This growth/comparison chart shows the federal appropriations allocated for Part B Section 619, the number of children…

Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is intended to help ensure that all eligible infants and toddlers with disabilities (aged birth-2) and their families receive early intervention services. This chart shows the federal appropriations allocated for the Part C program, the number of children served, and the federal…

Student success and graduation rates are a continuing challenge for higher education institutions. A growing number of states connect funding to learning outcomes such as student progression, retention, and graduation rates (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012; Complete College America, 2011; Diamond, 2012). Student attrition and graduation rates…

Virtually all elementary schools extend their activities beyond regular classroom instruction through varying approaches to and levels of supplemental support. These services are intended to support student learning and may be provided within the school or via referrals to external organizations in the community. While supporting the comprehensive…

School finance reforms caused some of the most dramatic increases in intergovernmental aid from states to local governments in U.S. history. We examine whether teachers' unions affected the fraction of reform-induced state aid that passed through to local spending and the allocation of these funds. Districts with strong teachers' unions increased…

Ensuring the safety of students, faculty, and staff is a multifaceted challenge that requires institutions of higher education (IHEs) to navigate myriad threats, hazards, and risks. Concerns about safety and security at IHE campuses encompass everything from various forms of violence to the safety of pedestrian traffic, to the security of personal…

Wisconsin school districts received more than $2 billion in one-time federal relief funds to address the effects of COVID-19 and boost student recovery and district finances. Early spending focused on educational technology to help students and schools adapt to virtual learning, while later spending focused on catching students up academically…

Two broad theories of visual working memory (VWM) storage have emerged from current research, a discrete slot-based theory and a continuous resource theory. However, neither the discrete slot-based theory or continuous resource theory clearly stipulates how the mental commodity for VWM (discrete slot or continuous resource) is allocated.…

As evaluators, we are often asked to determine whether policies and programs provide value for the resources invested. Addressing that question can be a quandary, and, in some cases, evaluators question whether cost-benefit analysis is fit for this purpose. With increased interest globally in social enterprise, impact investing, and social impact…