The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree to which teacher identified noncollege bound high school biology students have developed the ability to identify and to apply selected princepts of biology. To investigate this a multiple-choice test was developed that measured the ability to identify and apply selected princepts of biology.…

Hypothesis behavior on three dimensional concept attainment problems was measured for 48 children (12 each at grades K, 2, 4, and 6). Every feedback trial was followed by a blank trial, a procedure that provided separate measures of Ss' ability to use hypotheses and test hypotheses. A S was considered to be "using" when his hypothesis inferred…

This mathematics curriculum resource handbook provides background information and techniques of instruction designed for instructors helping students to prepare themselves for the General Educational Development Tests. It consists largely of fundamental concepts which high school graduates are expected to retain, together with some techniques…

Experiment I was designed to demonstrate that young children fail to abstract the positive cue as the relevant stimulus event in a restricted concept-learning task. Sixteen kindergarten and 16 fourth grade subjects were trained to criterion on a Kendler-type task, whereupon each subject was presented a pair of new instances which contrasted only…

The purpose of this study was to determine how subjects (high school students) of varying conceptual structure (Harvey, Hunt, and Schroder, 1961) would respond to personal and impersonal feedback on a performance task. It was predicted that whereas abstract subjects would show no difference in motivation under the two feedback conditions, concrete…

Included are the standard topics presented in the undergraduate and/or graduate course on methods of teaching mathematics in elementary education. Chapter 1 describes the historical development of learning theories, including Piaget's. Chapter 2 contains a biographical sketch of Piaget and an explanation of his theory of cognitive development.…

The series "Soviet Studies in the Psychology of Learning and Teaching Mathematics" is a collection of translations from the Soviet literature of the past twenty-five years on research in the psychology of mathematical instruction. Also included are works on methods of teaching mathematics directly influenced by this research. The aim of…

Three tasks are described in the development of a Valuing Lexicon: 1) the identification of a hierarchy of cognitive processes; 2) the identification of the affective components; and, 3) the clarification of the relationships between the two. For the purpose of clarifying the development of the lexicon, Krathwohl's hierarchy on what 'valuing'…

This paper describes one pioneer effort to develop materials for teachers who operate on the premise that the student can learn from his environment. Three environments are considered: 1) the inner environment of the child; 2) the immediate environment in which he finds himself; and, 3) the global environment which is of so much concern to…

In order to investigate diffusion effects within families involved in an intervention program, 80 disadvantaged children were divided into four groups, three of which were made up of younger siblings of preschool children in the intervention program. In two of these three groups, the mother was also involved in the program. The fourth group was…

This study attempted to ascertain if the elements perceived in the physics concepts of mass and weight differed for students of different cultural backgrounds. Responses of two matched groups of 19 students each, one from the United States and the other from Taiwan, were studied; students were given word association tests and a physics problem set…

Reported is a study to relate pupils' experience background and the effects of an advance organizer to his ability to understand scientific concepts. The study is based on Ausubel's subsumption theory, which states that the understanding of new learning material can be facilitated if the student has some background information which subsumes the…

Expanded abstracts and critical analyses are given for each of 14 research articles. Studies on instructional strategies or methods are reported in five reviews; three report studies concerned with concept attainment; three review studies in measurement of cognitive abilities; one study is on the effect of a laboratory for college freshman math…

This paper contends that human organisms are not qualitatively different from infra-human ones. The same principles apply to the acquisition, maintenance and weakening of complex verbal skills as mathematics as to rats pressing bars or pigeons pecking windows. Two aspects of child research are assessment and training. Assessment involves…

Although the hypothesis that behavior is a function of the person in interaction with his environment is a very old one, an overview of current theory and research on work motivation and job satisfaction reveals an emphasis on either one or the other sets of variables, at the expense of investigating systematically the interaction between personal…