School counselors should reform their roles. Developmental guidance and counseling programs focus on academic, career, and personal areas and incorporate the following goals: understanding the school environment, understanding self and others, decision making and problem solving, interpersonal communication and school success skills, career…

Tested 160 children on a Stroop-like day-night test that involved 2 rules. Also tested for whether remembering two rules alone was sufficient to cause difficulty. Concludes that the requirement to learn and remember two rules is not in itself sufficient to account for the poor performance of younger children (under five) in the experiment. (DR)

Assistant principals should be expected, encouraged, and empowered to work beyond their disciplines, outside their cultures, and above their traditional roles. The assistant principal's role in team management is to become an advocate for excellence, a visionary leader, a change agent, a communicator, a motivator, and a determinant of school…

A unified theory of visual recognition and attentional selection is developed by integrating the biased-choice model for single-stimulus recognition with a choice model for selection from multielement displays in a race model framework. The theory is applied to findings from previous studies and quantitative fits are encouraging. (SLD)

Three experiments explored the effect of introducing novel information about a central target after a short delay on six-month-old's recognition of the original target, the novel exposure target, and a completely novel one. They found that the infants' memory of a central target is resistant to impairment by conflicting postevent information after…

One experiment determined that the minimum angle at which infants can discriminate 2 sound presentations decreases substantially toward 48 weeks of age. In 3 succeeding experiments, infants aged 16, 20, and 28 weeks were able to discriminate sounds presented to each ear between 50 and 75 microseconds apart. (BC)

In 2 experiments, mothers, between 5 and 81 hours after giving birth, stroked the hand of 3 infants and then guessed which infant was their own. Results showed that the majority of mothers who had been with their infant for an hour or more since childbirth were successful at the task. (BC)

Discusses a inquiry into the effects of timbre upon college woodwind players' intonational performance and perception. Reports little connection between students' ability to play in tune and to detect intonation problems. Concludes that timbre was significantly related to ability to detect intonation problems but not to the ability to play in…

Retired superintendents have the potential to be the best and the worst board members. Although some board members value a former superintendent's background and perspective, many think that retiring superintendents should go right out the door and not look back. Former teachers and superintendents serving on boards often have difficulty shifting…

Examined how elementary school counselors see their actual versus ideal roles and identified preparation they perceive as necessary to meet their roles successfully. Findings from 95 elementary school counselors revealed that, in actual versus ideal consultant roles, as well as in counselor preparation comparisons, significant discrepancies were…

The article reviews studies on the assessment of rapid auditory processing abilities. Issues in auditory processing research are identified including a link between otitis media with effusion and language learning problems. A theory that linguistically impaired children experience difficulty in perceiving and processing low phonetic substance…

This study examined leadership in 16 research and 16 nonresearch teams in various manufacturing, aerospace, and health services companies. It concluded that research team leaders need to be able to fulfill a public relations or boundary management role. Engineering research teams, however, showed leadership patterns suggesting different needs for…

This paper reviews two models for auditory compensation attending visual loss--structural and strategic. The paper concludes that it is not clear to what extent differences in auditory processing represent variations in underlying capacity, the development of strategies, attentional activation, or multiple factors. Previous dismissals of…

Investigated husbands' contributions to household labor in first-married couples with biological children and in remarried couples with biological children only, stepchildren only, and both biological and stepchildren. Absolute and relative contributions to total household labor did not differ significantly across family types, but husbands in…

Twenty-one normal hearing college students were presented with non-time-gated and time-gated speech stimuli. Findings indicated that poorer accuracy and longer isolation points were observed at lower signal presentation levels, listener confidence at isolation point was only indirectly influenced by presentation level, and monosyllabic word…