Conducted two studies to assess dimensionality of supervision. Examined dimensionality and construct validity of Bernard's model using 15 doctoral trainees. Expanded and tested model in combination with other supervision model using 25 master's level and 23 doctoral level counselor trainees. Three dimensions emerged which were consistent in…

The assistant principal's role as a school leader is generally less prestigious and less powerful than the principal's. "Administrative training" and "administrative job socialization" are two tools used to help the assistant principal become a more effective leader. (Contains 17 references.) (KDP)

Uses a diode array spectrometer to explain why blue objects appear red when viewed through the yellowish amber lens of "blue blocking" sunglasses. (JRH)

Three experiments were conducted involving five people with profound multiple disabilities, to determine whether variations in alertness affected subsequent responsiveness to training programs. Findings suggest that existing levels of alertness do not indicate how individuals will respond during training and that alertness actually can be…

Describes the author's three-month career as a student teacher of social studies and art in an upstate New York high school. As his stint progresses, he realizes he cannot continue to rely on his old ways of thinking and functioning. He learns to handle a cooperating teacher's unrealistic expectations and to engage students with audiovisuals and…

This study compared visual word recognition (speechreading) in video sequences showing either full face or lips plus mandible to 26 normal hearing college students and 4 adults with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Percent phoneme correct scores were similar in the two conditions and scores significantly improved for the repeated measure in…

Whether cross-sectional rates of decline for brain volume and the Performance Intellectual Quotient of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised were equivalent over the years 16 to 65 was studied with 196 volunteers. Results indicate remarkably similar rates of decline in perceptual-motor functions and aging brain volume loss. (SLD)

Surveyed national sample of school psychologists (n=173) serving secondary schools. Results revealed that many respondents were providing wide variety of services, including direct (counseling) and indirect (consultation) services. Approximately 75% reported satisfaction with their work. Job satisfaction was related to increased time spent in…

Adolescents identified letters presented to them on the basis of color. Subjects (n=20) with mental retardation exhibited facilitation when the target was identical to the target on the preceding trial but did not exhibit inhibition when it had been a distractor on the preceding trial. Inefficient suppression processes may result in performance…

Twelve adult stutterers were instructed to self-rate the speech naturalness (how natural their speech sounds) and feel naturalness (the amount of attention they are paying to the way they are speaking) of their speech under a variety of conditions across repeated rating occasions. Results showed that subjects were relatively consistent and valid…

Three experiments examined whether the perception and retention of feature relations, thought to be critical for object recognition in adults, are evident in early infancy. Three month olds' 24-hour retention was disrupted when features of a 6-item mobile were recombined, indicating that they not only encode feature relations but also remember…

Four experiments investigated conceptual categorization in 7- to 11-month-old infants. Data revealed global differentiation of animals and vehicles, with lack of differentiation of basic level categories within the animal domain, in contrast to data from other studies designed to assess perceptual categorization. Results suggest that infants may…

Art therapy practice analysis surveys were completed by 1,125 Registered Art Therapists. Most respondents were females, Caucasian, and graduates of master's degree programs in art therapy. Respondents rated "creating therapeutic environment" as most important major responsibility of entry-level as therapists. (NB)

This paper presents results of 2 experiments examining effects of signal and masker uncertainty on 17 preschoolers' and 13 adults' detection of tonal signals in noise maskers. Effects of masker uncertainty significantly exceeded those of signal uncertainty. For most adults and some children, distracters produced higher thresholds and shallower…

Explores the relationship between virtual reality (VR) stimulation and perceptual equivalence. Topics include perceived realism; creating a virtual illusion; displayed realism; and VR as an instructional technology. (Author/AEF)