Mathematical cognition requires coordinated activity across multiple brain regions, leading to the emergence of resting-state functional connectivity as a method for studying the neural basis of differences in mathematical achievement. Hyper-connectivity of the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), a key locus of mathematical and numerical processing, has…

Cheating is a common human behavior but few studies have examined its emergence during early childhood. In three preregistered studies, a challenging math test was administered to 5- to 6-year-old children (total N = 500; 255 girls). An answer key was present as children completed the test, but they were instructed to not peek at it. In Study 1,…

We discuss and examine a numerical indicator--the individual gain--of students' engagement and mathematical growth in relation to an instructor's course aims and goals. The individual gain statistic assesses the fractional amount an individual student improves initial-test to final-test. We argue that an initial-test score and a final-test score,…

Research on instructional quality has been of great interest for several decades, leading to an immense and diverse body of literature. However, due to different definitions and operationalisations, the picture of what characteristics are important for instructional quality is not entirely clear. Therefore, in this paper, a scoping review was…

Mastering mathematics in elementary school is essential for students because it provides the foundation to learn the subject at the secondary school and university levels. This study aimed to examine the effect of implementing the Outdoor Learning in Mathematics (OLM) method to increase elementary students' motivation and learning achievements in…

Background: The present study addresses the equality of school effectiveness across schools. One central aim of compulsory education is for students to learn equally well at all schools in a country even if these schools differ in terms of student composition. However, measuring equality of learning gains independently from selection effects…

Decades of research produced inconsistent findings on whether study time can lead to achievement gains in mathematics. Data generated by more than six thousand students from three different countries who solved more than 1.1 million problem sets using a dedicated mathematics software are analyzed regarding the effect of study time on students'…

The purpose of this quantitative ex post facto study was to examine the differences that exist in academic outcomes between mobile and non-mobile middle-school students at a school district in Northeastern New Jersey. Students are considered mobile if they voluntarily change schools, whereas non-mobile students do not experience such transitions.…

Motivation to learn attracts many researchers in educational contexts. In this study, we propose an instrument tailored towards specifically measuring student motivation in calculus courses at higher education. We outline an extensive instrument development process that was built on (Benson's 1998. Developing a strong program of construct…

Many factors contribute to the achievement gap in the U.S. As an intervention to help narrow the gap, tutoring presents a potentially powerful solution. Decades of research suggest that tutoring is an effective, evidence-based approach to improve student success, with effect sizes ranging from 0.4. to 2.0. As many school systems in the U.S. move…

The aim of this study reveal the effect of philosophy education on students' mathematics achievement. The research sample consists of a total of 38 students, 18 of whom are experimental and 20 of them are control groups, studying in the 7th grade in Sehit Koray Akoguz Secondary School in Ipekyolu, Van in the second semester of the academic year…

The purpose of this study was to synthesize experimental studies that explain the effect of student-centered methods and techniques used in primary school mathematics courses on academic achievement. Some certain criteria were selected and applied regarding the inclusion of primary study in the synthesis. As a result of qualitative systematic…

Modern economics courses require high mathematical proficiency, and low proficiency may reduce grades or cause students to avoid economics courses. The article's authors sought to improve students' mathematical skills and grades with a simple intervention based on repeated quizzing of building-block concepts. They analyzed data from four semesters…

Designed for this study as a conceptual framework comprising particular educational approaches and techniques for mathematics teaching and learning, the Successful Mathematics Classroom (SMC) aimed to promote college students' mathematics self-efficacy, motivation, and achievement. Through using a case study methodology, a range of tests and…

We examined how parent math attitudes and practices relate to emergent math skills in 72 preschoolers from low-income households. Specifically, we investigated parents' views about the importance of math learning, their confidence in teaching math, their perceptions of child interest in math, and their time spent engaging their child in math…