Describes some forces that have shaped current attitudes toward evaluation of education, presents five guidelines to help in discussions of assessment, and charges teachers with the responsibility of making evaluation effective. (DF)

Native American education did not begin with European-style schools; it began at home with traditional storytelling. Traditional stories aimed to share wisdom, not to force it. Children can only understand certain things when they are mature enough to do so. Each time a story was told, the listener could learn new morals and life instructions.…

Acknowledges that parental abuse and neglect contribute to increasing juvenile crime and a corresponding increase in draining public funds and eroding workforce productivity. Argues that functioning families need adequate ancillary supports and proposes a service system that invests in supportive institutions in order to gain greater social…

Provides critical analysis of David T. Lykken's article "Psychopathy, Sociopathy, and Crime" (1996) and its correlation between unstable families and sociopathy and the use of parental licensing as a solution. Discusses reasons for the appeal of parental licensing as well as the issue of state control replacing social control. (GR)

Argues that tests have always been used as a means of political and social control. Maintains that test results are unreliable, especially at the extremes, that their predictive power is weak and that language testers need to be skeptical and need to insist on complete information on candidates' backgrounds for selection decision making. (10…

Synthesizes research supporting the assertion that people are not very accurate perceivers of the opinions of others. Assesses the impact of these findings on E. Noelle-Neumann's "spiral of silence" theory. Suggests an alternative research strategy drawn from social psychology to test this aspect of the spiral of silence process. (SG)

Analyzes responses of Brazilian and American students to measures of behavioral intention, perceived norms, and feelings regarding prosocial behaviors in both public and anonymous conditions. Concludes that Brazilians had internalized ingroup norms but that Americans had complied with norms because of social desirability pressures. (FMW)

Describes a process used by the Downtown Alternative School, Toronto, Canada, to resolve conflicts among the students there. Offers the perspectives of the teachers, students, parents, and observers on the effectiveness of the approach. (TB)

Examined socialist citizens' views of military crimes of obedience, their attitudes toward political dissent, and predictors of each. No relationship was found between respondents' attitudes about disobedience and their responses about political dissent. However, greater education was associated both with claiming that one would disobey and with…

Project Adventure's adventure-based counseling text, "Islands of Healing," uses language and simplistic conceptions of individualism and community to create an ecology of ideas. In this framework, moral and social complexities of modern life are exchanged for an artificial cyberspace-like microworld where unthinking acquiescence to group…

Analyzes existing evidence and identifies remaining gaps in knowledge concerning the exclusion of British children from school for disruptive behavior. The authors argue that an adequate understanding of exclusion from school can be achieved only by viewing it within the wider debate on social control and civic exclusion. (SLD)

In the 1980s, the Chinese government converted uppersecondary education to an equal mix of general and vocational/technical education. Although justified in economic terms, the development of vocational/technical education was actually prompted by a desire to reduce the social demand for higher education and use education as a social…

Suggests that the patron-client relationship between the Chinese Communist Party and intellectuals parallels the relationship between the state and scholars in imperial China. Describes privileges, prestige, and political and social control of university faculty and students; university admittance examinations; and national unified job placement…

The magnitude of societal violence, issues surrounding organizational and scientific approaches to its control, emerging strategies that promise to advance knowledge of its causes, and the relationships between socioeconomic factors and interpersonal violence are reviewed. An agenda for public and science policy, professional practice, and basic…

Examined interactive nature of age in predicting alcohol, marijuana, and drug use among 435 seventh and eleventh graders. Found statistically significant interaction terms for age with peer and social control factors for each type of usage. Findings suggest that many factors commonly associated with adolescent usage may be conditioned by age.…