D. Robinson and J. Levin (1997) proposed what they called a two-step procedure for analyzing statistical data in which researchers first evaluate the probability of an observed effect statistically (i.e., statistical significance), and, if and only if, it can be concluded that the underlying finding is too improbable to be due to chance, then they…

Research reports published in a science education research journal were examined to calculate the probability of rejecting true null hypotheses. Recommendations for improving analyses and research in science education are provided. (PS)

The G Index is the difference between the frequencies of the homonymly assigned cells and heteronymly assigned cells in a four-fold contingency table. (Author/MB)

A factor rotation scheme is presented which has a property that is interesting for examining factor-structure hypotheses. Given several clusters of tests the orthogonal bounds scheme produces factors which contains these clusters in some optimal sense. (Author)

The influence hypothesis argues that the perceptual superiority of words is due to S's opportunity to use the redundancy in words for making perceptual inferences, while the Unitization hypothesis argues that words are more perceptible because there are fewer units to process in a word than in a nonword. (Author)

The relative importance of the social context versus ideational content as change agents in conference situations is discussed. (4 references) (MM)

A study was conducted to determine what effect a program of spelling instruction based on the students' needs and interests as opposed to the predetermined content of a workbook would have on weekly spelling tests selected from a spelling workbook, standardized spelling achievement tests, and the number of spelling errors in creative writing…

It was found test item arrangement does not significantly influence test results. (CK)