As the result of an analysis and synthesis of reading comprehension skills studies, it was suggested that teachers attempt to simplify comprehension questions by recognizing two basic types: literal and nonliteral. It was noted that a student's success in obtaining meaning depends on (1) his competency in determining word meaning, (2) his…

Program development and evaluation procedures involving faculty, students, and community in a continuous curriculum development project are given in this second-year report of the Fairfield, Indiana, community schools. The report is divided into 6 sections: (1) the process of developing conceptually designed curricula, (2) the processes of the…

This report presents the results of a study conducted by Lambda Corporation to assess the demographic problems in achieving school desegregation in 44 urban areas of the United States. The present volume is intended to present in brief form the results for each of the 44 areas and to review the general conclusions that can be drawn from the survey…

In this study, assessment of the formal organizational structure was limited to a determination of authority and responsibility in personnel, supervision, curriculum, policymaking, and community relations. The study data were gathered from the results of the (1) Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire, (2) Professional Self-Enchancement…

This supplement was designed to be used in conjunction with Paper No. Six, which contains a detailed description of the methodology employed. In conjunction with General Accounting Office, the Subcommittee on Fiscal Policy chose as study sites six areas of the Nation from among the 59 census areas which have been designated by the Census Bureau as…

This study attempted to examine selected features of principal-teacher behavior in relation to the educational environment of elementary schools. Subtests of Halpin's Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire were used to obtain teacher perceptions of the principal variables of Aloofness, Production, Emphasis, Thrust, and Consideration; and…

This study is concerned with an analysis of similarities and differences in role expectations among the populations of principals, teachers, superintendents, and board members in two suburban school districts in Oregon. It attempts to identify the levels of agreement within each of these populations regarding the principal's role in…

An important question about school financing is the possible financial consequences of school systems varying along a continuum from more to less political. This variation is "political relatedness," which is measured here with already available data from published sources. The impact of this political relatedness compared with other classes of…

This is one of a series of reports on the National Longitudinal Study of Mathematical Abilities (NLSMA). This report presents a sequence of analyses that explore the relationships between mathematics achievement and three sets of variables: pupil, teacher, and school for students in grades four and six, (NLSMA Reports Nos. 1, 4, 7, and 9 provide…

This is one of a series of reports on the National Longitudinal Study of Mathematical Abilities (NLSMA). This one is a summary of NLSMA Reports Nos. 21-25, presented as an aid in searching for patterns across various correlates, various mathematical achievement measures, and various samples. In the original analyses, students were grouped into…

An evaluation is made of the efficacy of various approaches to early childhood education when tested in the natural laboratories of operating schools, and the Follow Through program's impact on achieving social changes and ameliorating effects of poverty through education. Judged primarily from data collected during the 1969-70 school year, Follow…

The study was designed to test new instructional techniques in vocational agriculture, determine their effectiveness on student achievement, and compare individual and group instructional techniques. Forty-eight randomly selected Iowa high school vocational agriculture programs with enrollments of 35 students or more, were selected for testing the…

The primary objectives of the New Nursery School were to increase children's sensory and perceptual acuity, develop positive self concept, and increase language, conceptual and problem solving abilities. During 1969-1970 the longitudinal study, begun in 1964, included 28 children who were 3- and 4-year-olds from lower socioeconomic homes…

No technique of forecasting exists with which a "single" future can be predicted accurately. We can, however, project a set of significantly different but quite plausible lines of future development, a set of alternative future histories, which we hope will bracket the one future that comes to be. Since social indicators are specifically designed…

Principles and concepts of measurement and evaluation are organized to aid teachers and students of education in developing an understanding of the issues in educational evaluation and some command of its procedures. Chapter headings are: Issues in Educational Evaluation; Foundations of Evaluation; The Treatment of Empirical Data; Instructional…