An author of the 1966 USOE report titled "Equality of Educational Opportunity" discusses some of the criticisms leveled against the study. The most serious charge is that the study attempted to do too much. By analyzing resource inputs and levels of achievement and by trying to analyze the effects of various inputs on achievement, the…

The validity is questioned of testing the intelligence of Mexican Americans via intelligence tests constructed for Anglo Americans. An overview is included of the literature concerned with the comparability of intelligence scores. Critiques are presented of 9 current studies utilizing intelligence test scores of Mexican Americans and Anglo…

This book of scoring guides and national percentages is part of a kit consisting of four documents which bring together different types of items that measure a number of career and occupational development (COD) objectives developed by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). (NAEP--which completed a national survey measuring the…

The purposes of this study were to determine the relationship of structural aspects of the school organization and leadership behavior in schools to job satisfaction within Individually Guided Education (IGE) schools, and to determine whether organizational structure or leadership behavior had more impact on job satisfaction in IGE schools. Data…

No matter what the basis of allocation of federal aid funds, a primary goal of most proponents of federal grants to local school districts is an increase in district expenditures. A study of 706 school districts in California, accounting for 95 percent of the state's elementary and secondary students, shows that about 70 to 80 cents of every…

The implications of a mathematical model of test scores are explored where the data are limited to a random sample of items without replacement from an indefinitely large population or item domain in which items are scored either zero or one. The purpose is to obtain an unbiased estimate of a student's proportion of items correct in the item…

The effects of achievement-oriented and neutral instructions on the humor ratings of both testing and non-testing cartoons were assessed for high- and low test-anxious students. The effects of humor in reducing state anxiety were also evaluated. Fifty-two undergraduate students were selected on the basis of their Test Anxiety Scale scores. Both…

Shifts in college enrollments until 1985 are discussed and attributed to a number of factors, among them: differences between states, birthrate changes, and between-state migration. Only students of traditional college age are considered. Enrollment trends are charted, and statistical data for each state appear in tabular form. (MSE)

An analysis was made of quality ratings of elementary level standardized tests. Applying multidimensional scaling to intercorrelations of quality ratings, it was found that the criterion of content and construct validity was a central element in the evaluation of elementary tests. In addition, several types of validity and reliability were found…

Selected data from the Commission on Human Resources data base are reported for two major groups that have been underrepresented in doctoral education in the past: minorities and women. A wide selection of tabulations of data on doctorate holders by sex and racial/ethnic group membership is presented. Characteristics of minority and women Ph.D.…

Utilization of two checklists for recording observed student and teacher classroom behaviors is the main topic of this report. The format, sections, procedures, and methods of analysis of the checklists are discussed. These checklists were used with 40 students and 4 teachers in an on-going, two year research project at the Model Secondary School…

This paper explores whether differential access to school, as measured by student attendance, length of school day, and school term, is an important determinant of student outcomes (achievement and educational plans). It is stated here that most of the "school effects" research has utilized school level variables for school resources,…

The Productive Thinking Program (PTP), consisting of 16 programmed lessons designed to develop productive thinking skills, was used as the basis of a program conducted with 546 fifth graders in 21 classes in four upstate New York school districts. One hundred and twenty students from one of these districts were involved in a modified Solomon Four…

Assessment of an educational system can be done without using elaborate statistical techniques. Some very simple ways of analyzing data and presenting information are quite useful. This manual is presented for use by those school personnel who feel a desire to assess the quality of their educational system, but who would welcome suggestions as to…

The research report provides information on recruits' military occupational preferences, match of military assignments to recruits' preferences, and changes that occur in these preferences between service entry and completion of basic training. Questionnaires were administered to recruits from four services just before classification interviewing…