For the age range tested there is a lag between the perception and production of certain facial expressions. (Authors)

Study directed at determining which aspect of photographic representations of children differing along dimensions of race and sex would acquire control over responses of Negro children. (Authors)

Children referred for psychological evaluations of completed the Bender-Gestalt and then reproduced designs from memory. Numbers of designs recalled increased with age and Performance Intelligence Quotient. The importance of developmental level in evaluation and establishment of cut-off recall scores for designs were discussed. (Author/RD)

Investigates the role of visuals in the instructional and evaluation phases of a high school biology unit on the human heart. Results indicate that the instructional strategy of implementing visualization in both the presentation and evaluation phases is a viable instructional variable. Forty-four references are listed. (Author/MER)

The spread of encoding concept was tested visually by having subjects view pictures which varied in contour completeness. The hypothesis was supported that as contour completeness decreased, the amount of perceptual analysis and memory performance would increase. (Author/MH)

Three experiments explored preschoolers' developing knowledge of stable (identity, gender, and race), changeable (mood, weight, and health), and changeable-but-irreversible (age and height) characteristics when knowledge of those characteristics was tested verbally rather than pictorially. Found that children make systematic rather than random…

College students whose judgments of others were more gender stereotyped recalled more traditional pictures portraying men in masculine activities and were more likely to cluster recalled items in gender categories than students with less stereotyped judgments. Results with 100 males and 74 females support J. T. Spence's gender identity theory.…

Forty deaf high school students defined words from the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test and then ranked missed words in terms of expected difficulty level. After judging the accuracy of the rank-order judgments, it was determined that deaf students were unable to judge their feeling of knowing, but two hearing groups were able. (Author/JDD)

This study examined 2- to 3-year-olds' ability to make a pretend-real distinction in the absence of content cues. Children watched two actors side by side. One was really eating, and the other was pretending to eat, but in neither case was information about content available. Following the displays, children were asked to retrieve the real food…

A pictorial-rating-scale sociometric instrument was administered to 91 middle-socioeconomic status first- and third-grade children two times, four weeks apart under two conditions, using a three-step and a five-step rating scale. No significant overall differences in reliability was found between the three-step and the five-step scale. However, in…

A series of studies with adults resulted in a standardized test to assess children's comprehension of main ideas in simple narratives. The test, utilizing stories from the WISC-R picture arrangement task, was then employed in a developmental investigation with second, fifth, and eighth grade students. Each student completed the WISC-R arrangement…

This study concerns children's understanding of spatial relationships and their expression in drawings and photographs. Sixty children (ages 5, 8, and 11) were asked to discriminate and reproduce three types of depth relationships in either drawings or photographs: enclosure, where a larger object is placed directly behind a smaller object;…

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of symbolic format of test material on short- and long-term recognition. Subjects, 104 undergraduate students, viewed slides of either a black-and-white photograph, a one-sentence verbal description of the photo, a black-and-white drawing based on the verbal description, or a black-and-white line…