In 1968-69 the American Institute for Research in the Behavioral Sciences, under contract to the United States Office of Education, reviewed compensatory education projects across the country. A total of thirty-one were identified as among the most successful. By summarizing each of these 31 projects briefly, this publication enables readers to…

The authors seek to show the potentiality of research organizations for the achievement of basic university goals, and to isolate the conditions that impede or promote the success of these integrative agencies. In addition, they examine the role of the managerial scholars who are in the positions of leadership since they believe this role is vital…

This study investigated the emotional effects of various treatment conditions on children starting nursery school. Subjects were 108 children, predominantly middle class, 3 1/2 to 5 years old. Treatment conditions were analyzed according to (1) previsit to school vs. no previsit, (2) mother present vs. mother absent, (3) peer group experiences vs.…

The emotional states of an adult male American speaker, as reflected in 30 utterances, were evaluated by 12 subjects on nine 7-point semantic differential scales. The subjects also evaluated the utterances on similar scales for pitch, loudness, and speed. Significant correlations were found between some acoustic variables and the judgments of some…

The purpose of this project was to assess the degree to which the most popular method of calculating reliability of interval data, the I-I method, served the author's scientific purposes. Data were collected and analyses performed to assess the adequacy of I-I reliability scores in serving three functions: (1) as an index of how precise, clear,…

This report describes the longitudinal research conducted in an early intervention program since 1966. The program is characterized by the use of paraprofessionals serving as home visitors and parent educators. Data collection has included measures of children's behavior and development, parent-child interactions, and parent variables such as…

The question of whether violence depicted on television causes viewers to act aggressively is meaningless because it implies a simple "yes" or "no" response. Effects of mass media depend on the types of viewers and content as well as the conditions of message reception. Television violence can affect the behavior of children on some occasions.…

The relationship under discussion was tested by quantifying the variables using a rule administration scale, the Executive Professional Leadership instrument, and a Management Behavior Scale. Hypotheses were tested using data derived from a sample of 20 superintendents, 40 principals, and 500 students. The data support the concept that a…

This discussion of transitive inferences (if A greater than B & B greater than C, then A greater thean C) emphasizes an information processing analysis of logical thought. The two basic factors considered in such an analysis are (1) the task environment, including its structure, demands, decisions required, and information given; and (2) the…

Two cartoon strips were the vehicle for surveying perceptions of power use in everyday situations. A stratified cross-sectional sample of 430 adults in Los Angeles were interviewed. Their task was to choose a behavior, illustrated by a cartoon panel, most likely to be employed by a policeman in one instance and a nurse in another to secure…

The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not certain attitudes can be modified through laboratory procedures using positively evaluated words within a classical conditioning paradigm. It was hypothesized that evaluations of Vietnamese and Negroes would become more favorable after pictures of each were paired with the presentation of…

Forty-eight pairs of children between the ages of 4 and 8 were the subjects of this study of the development of referential communication skills and the use of technology to structure interactions between people. A communication game device was used to present children with sets of four referents on separate screens. The referents were either…

An in-depth study of the process of adaption among Peace Corps volunteers in Brazil and cross-cultural training methodology is presented in this volume, the first of two reports resulting from the project. Since ultimate aims of cross-cultural learning tend to be described in abstract terms, the fundamental issue had to do with specifying and…

With the exception of intra-family murder and child abuse, there has been very little research on violence between family members. However, preliminary results of this study indicate that even at age 17 and 18, 62 percent of siblings had hit each other during the previous 12-month period. Also, physical fights between husband and wife have…

Little empirical research has been done on the subject of argumentation, especially in the area of refutation, or "disproof," even though some research on debate indicates that refutation constitutes a significant predictor of a team's success. A recent study investigated the effects of eight forms of refutation against five major categories of…