The hypothesis that Black English-speaking children of low socioeconomic status would match spoken and written words when final spoken consonants were deleted, was not supported. Decoding errors revealed that race and social class influenced word strategy. (Author/CP)

Investigated the relationships between a measure of career maturity, self-concept, socioeconomic status, race, sex, place of residence, and age in sixth-grade students (N=300). Results indicated a positive but low correlation between total scores on the Career Maturity Inventory-Attitude Scale and the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale.…

The notion of equal opportunity is discussed in relation to the economic and cultural inequalities in American society. Common assumptions about education's function in the struggle toward equality are questioned and an alternative paradigm of schooling in relation to social equality is suggested. (Author/GC)

Maternal employment is a part of modern family life, a response to changes such as smaller families and more efficient household management. Not only does maternal employment meet parents' needs, but it is a pattern better suited for socializing the child for the adult role s/he will occupy. (Author/GC)

This research study explores changes in the geographic dispersal of social classes in Philadelphia over a 20-year period. Discussed are the changes which occurred between the central city and its suburbs and those which occurred among suburban municipalities. Descriptions of several hypothetical models about the changes are tested. (EB)

Interviews conducted in 1970 and 1971 with women university students (N=36) and women registered with the state department of employment (N=44) indicated that compared to married women, single women who did not have direct experience in the traditional female role held opinions which tended to idealize that role orientation. (Author)

Sixth graders with Australian parents and sixth graders with Greek immigrant parents were given three tasks: memory for a set of 24 pictures, a buttonboard task, and 20 questions. "The results point to the importance of specific strategies on problem-solving tasks and to the importance, in cross-cultural comparisons, of shared understandings…

Two studies examined middle- and lower-class Brazilian children's concepts of personal choice and social regulation. Found that subjects maintained a heterogeneous orientation to rules and authority which includes personal choice. Class differences indicated that hierarchical social structures affect children's sense of autonomy. However,…

Examined conceptions of emerging adulthood among Argentinians in their middle twenties. Found wide support for individualistic criteria for adulthood, but also criteria suggesting more collectivistic values. Identified gender, social class origin, and educational attainment differences. Concluded that emerging adulthood is a distinct developmental…

Discusses recent research about contesting the deficit models of language and class. Criticizes the work of Barbara Tizard and Martin Hughes, claiming that, in fact, they create a new version of the deficiency model and fail to analyze the differentials in access to schooling. Notes that such a model ignores social circumstances. (KO)

Examined factors that influence children's competence in mathematics when they begin first grade. Results indicated that parent education, family economic resources, and parent expectations influenced children's competence. Race and family structure, when considered apart from other variables, were not significant influences. (PCB)

Combines meta-analysis and process analysis to clarify the nature and magnitude of gender differences in cognitive, psychosocial, and physical tasks and their implications for mathematics and science careers. Findings indicate that learning and working environments should be redesigned to promote gender equality. (FMW)

Argues that second language learning is a form of enculturation that involves learning the perspectives and identities that a culture allows and values. Proposes that a language teacher is actually changing the cultural identity of the student. (FMW)

Reviews the national impact of adolescent pregnancy with emphasis on the Black community. Criticizes the mass media for exploiting sexual behavior. Proposes a national agenda incorporating comprehensive sex education, family planning services, and educational, economic, and social opportunities. (FMW)

Examines factionalism within Minnesota Ojibwe Indian villages and its significance before and after the arrival of Europeans and Euramericans. Defines "progressive" and "traditional" Indians and examines sociopolitical differences between Ojibwe factions from 1850 to 1880. Examines roles of young warriors and older civil…