The aim of this study is to explore the possibility of creating positive washback by focusing on factors in the background of the test development process and anticipating the conditions most likely to lead to positive wash-back. The article reports on a multiphase empirical study investigating the washback effects of a needs-based test of spoken…

This monograph addresses the essential elements for high quality technology education programs at the graduate level. It discusses the issues in eight chapters written by individual authors: (1) "The 'Why' of Graduate Study" (Paul W. DeVore); (2) "Curriculum Development" (Ronald E. Jones); (3) "Instructional Strategies at the Graduate Level"…

This study examined the stereotypes held by American native English-speaking students at the Monterey Institute of International Studies (MIIS) about gender and language. Captions from 14 cartoons in 1993 issues of "The New Yorker" magazine were used to elicit subjects' stereotypes. The issue of whether there would be a difference…

This exploratory study integrated information from quantitative and qualitative data sources to highlight how different students responded to, and learned from, case-based instruction. Fifty-eight first-year veterinary students, enrolled in a biochemistry laboratory course which utilized case studies as one of the primary methods of instruction,…

This study surveyed 133 counselors-in-training (graduate students) on their perceptions of African American/Black, Hispanic, and White males and females in a teen pregnancy situation depicted in videotaped dramatizations. Overall, females were perceived as more likeable than were males. Respondents were less likely to encourage the Hispanic male…

This paper explores the use of cohort structures in administrator-preparation programs. The paper considers how cohorts operate effectively as communities and how the cohort promotes the enhancement of the individual. Data were derived from an analysis of the journals of 51 students enrolled in cohort programs at four university sites in…

A study investigated the use of specific error correction and writing instruction techniques in a composition course designed for foreign graduate students. Weekly in-class student essays on assigned topics were returned to them ungraded but containing explanations of grammar points, confusing vocabulary, content, and organization. A conscious…

This paper uses the Brunwik theory of probabilistic functionalism as the backdrop for discussion of interrelationships between the individual learner and the design of computer-assisted instruction (CAI). This Brunswik learning model depicts the acquisition of knowledge as governed by the proximity of various cues and distractions. It is also…

This Directory details unionization activities among college and university faculty in 1995 in the United States and Canada. It indicates that the number of professors represented by academic unions has increased 1.65 percent from the previous year, with 434 bargaining agents on 1,022 public sector campuses and 70 bargaining agents on 98 private…

This paper discusses the learning issues involved when setting computer literacy objectives for graduate students in education. Stated and evaluated here are simple computer use assignments representing an approach to literacy which is teacher-centered, minimally integrated with subject matter content, and having low cognitive-level task demands.…

This qualitative study explored the professional socialization experiences of doctoral students enrolled in the school of education at a public research university with emphasis on the graduate assistantship as a mechanism for doctoral students' professional socialization, and the effect of financial concerns on graduate students' socialization…

To succeed in completing a graduate degree program, graduate students need to be aware and in control of as many aspects of the process as possible, and be skillful, tactful negotiators. This guide describes the process of completing a graduate degree, identifies relevant questions and concerns, and provides practical solutions and suggestions.…

The completion of a master's thesis or doctoral dissertation requires discipline, independent initiative, creative thinking, working with others, and the surmounting of self-doubt. This book attempts to facilitate the dissertation process for students. This book is organized around the themes of content and process. The first part of this book…

This study examined the process of identity development and explored the relationship between identity status of college students and their expectations of faculty. The Ego Identity Process Questionnaire (EIPQ) which yields exploration and commitment scores and a questionnaire about the role faculty should play in identity development was…

The Educational Research Department at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg) attempts to go beyond conventional use of a computer laboratory by offering services to further the educational knowledge of its students. Laboratory staff members demonstrate methods needed to accomplish educational tasks for program…