Groups are a fundamental part of the business world. Yet, as companies continue to expand internationally, a major challenge lies in promoting effective communication among employees who work in varying time zones. Global expansion often requires group collaboration through computer systems. Computer-mediated groups lead to different communicative…

This study compared the outcome of external and internal scorers on the locus of control scale and considered the association between internal-external orientation and direct and nondirect marathon group therapy. The findings suggest that internals are better therapeutic risks than externals, regardless of a direct or nondirect therapist…

Following recent thinking that sees organizations' structures as dependent on their environments, the authors consider characteristics of institutional sectors that affect the organizations arising within them. They first point out problems in present models relating organizations to their environments and discuss several "forerunners"…

Research supported by grants 71 and 103 from the Ontario Mental Health Foundation.

RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE DEGREE OF LIKING AMONG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN (DEGREE OF GROUP COHESIVENESS) HAS A SIGNIFICANT INFLUENCE ON ASPECTS OF PUPIL BEHAVIOR. IN THE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF REINFORCEMENT LEARNING THEORY, INVESTIGATION OF RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN COHESIVENESS (A GROUP VARIABLE) AND INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR CAN LEAD BOTH TO A BETTER…

To investigate how a child organizes new objects and how categories function for a chid, twelve 6- and twelve 8-year-olds were individually given several sorting tasks involving 21 three-dimensional nonsense objects. The child was exposed to all the objects; three objects were pointed out and withdrawn; and then the child was asked to describe…

A search of the literature of librarianship reveals that very little has been written concerning library school student associations. Two questionnaires were designed; one to be sent to the deans or directors of American Library Association accredited library schools; one to be sent to the presidents of student associations at American Library…

This study first investigates the effects of group structure on collective projections in groups, then examines how collective projections feed back and affect group structure. It examines the effects of having a deviant in a group on group projections and responses. (Author)

Using 144 high school physics classes as units of analysis, class means on a battery of 57 variables were factored in three different factor sets. Each set included three main factors which could be identified roughly as achievement, affect, and group structure. Results gave further credibility to Bales' work. (Author/KR)

This review examines published research on small-group development done in the last ten years that would constitute an empirical test of Tuckman's hypothesis that groups go through the stages of "forming,""storming,""norming," and "performing." A fifth stage, "adjourning," was added to the…

Identifies series of predictable stages through which small groups progress: pre-affiliation, power and control, intimacy, differentiation, and separation. Shows application of group development for each area as group passes through various stages. Outlines model for each area summarizing group interaction and instructor roles for each stage. (NEC)

Traditions of shared governance and the complexity of problems faced by colleges and universities suggest the need for effective collective action. This study examined leadership teams in two sites: a new 2-year public institution formed by merger and a new 4-year private institution. Research hypotheses were developed from the perspective of…

This paper discusses the authors' experiences with organizing and running groups for clients in career transition, whether that be a completely new career or a job search. One key to successful groups is organization, especially finding the right mix of members. They can have similar or different goals, but must be well matched for ego-strength.…

A study of thirty academic departments in fifteen universities examined the relationships of the functional prerequisites to personal need satisfactions. The findings raised questions about the relationship between organizational achievement and personal satisfaction in the academic department. (Author/JB)

A model for treating delinquents is proposed in which traditional community agencies would integrate small numbers of delinquents into groups of prosocial children. This innovation would reduce the adverse effects of labeling and peer-group composition, among others, without interfering significantly with the agencies' operations. (Author)