Underlying the research reported in this paper is a theoretical framework which defines the self-regulation of learning as the number and kinds of teaching tasks students perform themselves. Three studies are presented on individual differences in regulation-processes emerging from thinking aloud protocols. Protocols of good and weaker performing…

Ways to help learners of all ages to independently search out and use existing knowledge and new information to solve problems and acquire new skills is examined through 15 papers by leading experts in learning-to-learn theory and application. Papers have the following titles and authors: "The Promise of Learning to Learn" (Robert M. Smith); "How…

Many countries have recently launched massive programs to promote nation-wide adult literacy, but while these efforts have been commendable, it has been observed that neo-literates who acquire literacy through such programs have great difficulty in retaining it; hence an urgent need to develop suitable programs of post-literacy and continuing…

Intended for use as a practical guide by teachers of librarianship, information science, and archives administration, this guide includes exercises and explanations to assist in writing learning objectives in these areas. The examples presented relate to the various levels of training, and illustrate the diversity of topics in this subject area;…

This study describes the relationship of two cognitive variables, logical thinking and disembedding ability, to learners' abilities to make conceptual shifts from less acceptable to more acceptable conceptual understandings of a physical phenomenon. The difference in the logical thinking and disembedding ability of students who exhibited different…

A practicum addressed the problem of reading comprehension skills in low achieving students by monitoring their progress utilizing precision teaching. Based on referrals from classroom teachers, guidance counselors, and parents, five students ranging in ability levels from kindergarten through grade 8 were accepted into the program for one or more…

A study investigated the influence of key factors (general comprehension ability, prior knowledge of passage topic, interest in passage topic, and locus of control) on training at-risk college students in the use of graphic organizers as a cognitive learning strategy. Subjects, 60 college freshmen required to take a developmental reading/study…

Students can be taught to interpret and write about literature by emphasizing the thinking skills or strategies involved. A series of activities emphasizes thinking skills since this is where textbook teaching methodologies sometimes get off track. The first activity is designed to find out where students are having difficulty in reading and…

For the 1990s and beyond, backgrounds, experiences, needs of all people, along with the appropriate context will provide significant bases for transforming the curriculum. This paper contends that the paradigm for art in the elementary schools must include the interplay of this context with a commitment to "re-viewing" the foundations…

This study investigated the relationship between elementary teachers' theoretical knowledge about seatwork during reading instruction and students' on-task behavior. Subjects, 253 students and their 10 elementary teachers in an inner-city school in Ohio who used seatwork activities with the rest of the class while they worked in small reading…

Thirty-nine at-risk college freshmen participated in an eight week non-credit seminar in the Fall of 1989. At the beginning of the seminar, students indicated that they enjoyed reading, did leisure reading, and felt that lack of vocabulary, slow reading rate, and inability to concentrate were their major reading problems. They also described their…

Computers provide particularly powerful environments in which to examine individual differences in cognitive processing and learning outcomes. The computer's capacity to collect and record response protocols facilitates detailed process analysis. Such analyses contribute to increased understanding of how individuals differ in their ability to…

A freshman writing assignment sequence encouraged students to use metaphors to think their way through scientific topics, improving their writing skills in the process. The students were all women, aged 18 to 48 years, who had been journal writing for several months but who did not consider themselves competent readers or writers. Reading material…

An activity-based approach to learning the U.S. Constitution through a series of clues that describe the amendments and articles is presented in this lesson plan. The articles and amendments are placed in envelopes and put in different locations throughout the school. The clues given to the students partially describe the Constitution and…

The assessment of learning orientation in relation to academic achievement is a continuing interest among psychologists. Two studies investigated learning-oriented and grade-oriented behavior in relation to performance on traditional measures of academic achievement. In the first study, 313 college students completed the Omnibus Personality…