Although both formative and summative evidence is the currency of knowledge and decision-making for scientists in the laboratory, evidence of any systematic sort has played a comparatively minimal role for scientists in their teaching practice. In science classrooms, evidence is often employed only "summatively," in the assignment of…

Teaching methodologies and uses of competitive intelligence and competitive technical intelligence in countries where the culture and the technological level are very different from the western world cannot be implemented without a cultural understanding of the tacit local knowledge and cultural behavior of people. As an example of…

We describe the design and implementation of our Hierarchical Learning Ensemble (HLE) model, a pedagogy that assembles interdisciplinary teams of graduate, undergraduate, and secondary-level students to solve science and engineering problems. Our goal is to sensitize undergraduates to working in heterogeneous groups and thus better prepare them…

Although there have been numerous studies that indicate the benefits of teachers and students working with scientists, there is little research that documents scientists' views of science education, science teacher preparation, and the goals of science education. Furthermore, little is known about how scientists' views of science education may…

This report provides statistical information about the participation of women, minorities, and persons with disabilities in science and engineering education and employment. Its primary purpose is to serve as an information source. It offers no endorsement of or recommendations about policies or programs. National Science Foundation reporting on…

According to the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM), "manufacturing is the engine that drives American prosperity". When NAM and its research and education arm, The Manufacturing Institute, released the handbook, "The Facts About Modern Manufacturing," in October 2006, NAM President John Engler noted, that…

Since its founding in April 1932, "The Journal of Negro Education" has published articles, reports, and reviews examining the results of intelligence and other mental tests given to African Americans. In these studies, historically social scientists contributing to the "JNE" sought to clarify what these intelligence tests were…

The Women in Science Scale (WiSS) was first developed in 1984, and is still being used in contemporary studies, yet its psychometric properties have not been evaluated with current statistical methods. In this study, the WiSS was administered in its original 27-item form to 1,439 middle and high school students. Confirmatory factor analysis based…

Because Scientists in doctoral-granting departments have considerable autonomy in their work and significant impact in basic science as well as the training of students, the organization of work among this group is especially important in the study of higher education. This article addresses the effects upon publication productivity of "whom"…

The purpose of this study was to examine the activities and discourse between scientists and high school student apprentices (from Santa Barbara, California) in research laboratories and how these supported and/or constrained student learning of science. The study covered 3 consecutive years of a summer science program and included 32 high school…

Most educated women (in the sciences and other fields) still have a hard time discarding the patriarchal socialization and pressures in their own fields which prevent them from seeing this extraordinary woman as an environmental pioneer and ecological foremother. Ellen Swallow Richards merits attention and respect as a foremother of what would…

A qualitative study analyzed images of science and scientists in children's educational science programs on television to determine whether they conveyed the images found in other media. Four episodes of each of four 30-minute, non-animated programs ("Beakman's World" broadcast on CBS, "Bill Nye, The Science Guy" shown on…

This is a study of the current role of scholars and scholarship and their impact outside the academic realm. Chapter 1 presents an ideal scholarly paradigm, followed by a review of the literature on issues of scholarship and creativity in Chapter 2. In Chapter 3 a topology is proposed and explained to classify different types of scholars. These…

This paper addresses the question of how the scientific community views the public understanding of science and whether there needs to be a re-conceptualization of the challenge to foster the public understanding of science, as well as whether there is a need to re-examine assumptions. It is argued that the science community's historic perspective…

This report describes Department of Defense (DOD) education programs in certain science, engineering and technical fields. It does not cover the extensive in-service technical training and education programs DOD maintains to prepare military personnel for specific occupational specialties, and managerial and leadership responsibilities. Section I,…