Girls show an early interest in science, but are deterred from pursuing science careers as they get older due to society's stereotypes. This text identifies the many women in history who have made significant contributions to all scientific fields. The volume features the biographies of Maria Mitchell (Astronomer); Ellen Richards (Chemist,…

Issues and themes in the contemporary social sciences are explored in a collection of papers by South African scholars. Thirty-five papers are organized by 10 themes. The first theme, metatheory in the social sciences, includes: "Beyond Relativism in the Natural and Social Sciences" (M. Hesse); and "A Critique of Bhaskar's…

This review of philosophy of history examines questions of the meaning and purpose of historical study and draws implications for teaching. The discussion of philosophers of history is organized into six general categories within two broad groups. The two broad groups are analytic philosophers, who generally write about the historian's craft, and…

This report presents data on the demographic and employment characteristics of the United State's doctoral scientists and engineers. This population consists primarily of individuals living in the United States who hold science or engineering doctoral degrees from U.S. institutions. Current estimates of the supply and utilization of doctoral…

Greatly modifying the present medical curriculum for the future physician-scientist is not recommended. The value of his having a PhD is questioned and the importance of his working in a hospital-based clinical department is stressed. The author contends that emphasizing the interrelationship between basic and applied research will increase public…

Using 1972 statistics, examines the following job characteristics of chemists, chemical engineers, and other technical professionals: type of job, tenure in 1972 jobs, status prior to obtaining those jobs, tendency to hold a second job, and basic salary level in the primary job. (MLH)

Presents an account of the life of Otto Diels and explains his research on the constitution of cholesterol, the Diels-Alder reaction, and synthesis of cantharadin. (GS)

Describes a four page paper written by S. Bose who helped found quantum statistics. The consequences of the paper to modern physics are presented. Contrasted are the scientific relationships of Einstein, Dirac, and Bose. (GH)

Describes the need for geologists to debate issues privately and then select a spokesman to make public statements on behalf of the geological profession so as to present a common view on controversial subjects. (BR)

Scientists describe to non-scientists the significance of lunar research and synopsize the major findings and the implications for understanding the earth's physical history. (BR)

A dilemma faces the ethnographer whose discipline forces the creation of an objective text from an intimate participatory experience. There have been three ways in which ethnographers have attempted to solve the dilemma of producing the objectivity of a scientific text while acknowledging their presence in the field. The first approach is the…

The objectives of the 8th triennial salary survey of Special Library Association (SLA) members were to: (1) obtain systematic accurate information about the salaries of special librarians and information personnel; (2) establish a data bank from which inquiries about salaries can be answered for members of the SLA, persons engaged in personnel and…

Ethnographers find themselves among a family of researchers referred to as naturalists. This rather diverse family conducts research described by turns as qualitative, participant observational, case study, symbolic interactionist, phenomenological, constructivist, and interpretive. The focus of the ethnographer's inquiry is on the mundane,…

The status and meaning of Afro-American anthropologists as scientists in the United States are reviewed, along with survey findings concerning the characteristics of this population. At the end of the nineteenth century, DuBois was probably the first Afro-American to take a sequence of anthropology courses at an advanced level. His influence on…