According to the National Science Education Standards, Standard A states that science students must have the abilities and understandings necessary to do scientific inquiry. The Standards explicitly state that small groups of students should hypothesize from prior experiences, construct explanations, evaluate explanations, design investigations,…

The National Research Council (NRC) (1996) refers to scientific inquiry as "the diverse ways in which scientists study the natural world and propose explanations based on the evidence derived from their work." This could be paraphrased, as 'scientific inquiry is what scientists say it is.' Accepting this rephrasing at face value, a study has been…

Outlines Young's scholastic record, involving his educational background, contributions to optics in physics, and deciphering of hieroglyphics in Egyptian philosophy. (CC)

Discusses current concerns and criticisms relating to the leadership and policies of the National Institutes of Health. (JR)

Describes a program for the exchange of delegations of scholars between the United States and China. This program of scholarly exchanges was recently negotiated by a group representing United States academic institutions and a counterpart group in the People's Republic of China. (JR)

The intention of this paper is to analyze the consequences of the proliferation of new sociological perspectives on the claims of Sociology to be a science. (Author/RK)

The use of an on-line information retrieval system by the scientists themselves is described. MEDUSA was designed to allow physicians to interrogate the MEDLARS data base. A Brief description is given of the system and details of an experiment to test its effectiveness. (8 references) (Author)

The information community'' is seen as consisting of three primary groups: Processors, Libraries, Users. These groups have overlapping areas of interest, function and concern, as well as motives and needs which are respectively unique. It is desirable that these groups gain deeper mutual understanding. (1 reference) (Author)

Examines the impacts and consequences of the politicalization of science, the shift from an international to a national orientation in the scientific enterprise, and the professionalization of the scientific community, all of which have developed in the last century. Provides examples of each trend, including the case of German science in and…

This article examines the continuity of scientific work and information exchange by productive scientists'' two years after the publication of their articles. About half of the authors had changed to a different subject-matter area, but such shifts did not decrease the authors' productivity nor greatly increase their information needs. (7…

Forensic science is an approach to study desirability of specific technologies in the context of value objectives and biological imperatives of society. Such groups should be formed with people from various physical and social sciences. (PS)

Newton's contribution to measure a phenomenon quantitatively and explain results along the lines of mechanical philosophy has been accepted as a common approach of science. Describes many of the mathematical relationships based on these lines that Newton found about different phenomena. (PS)

Federal priorities and science policy are changing to reflect economic concerns. The pattern of federal R and D funding is also changing. (DF)