Social order is possible only if individuals forgo the narrow pursuit of self-interest for the greater good. For over a century, social scientists have argued that sympathy mitigates self-interest and recent empirical work supports this claim. Much less is known about why actors experience sympathy in the first place, particularly in fleeting…

Physics education reform movements should pay attention to feminist analyses of gender in the culture of physics for two reasons. One reason is that feminist analyses contribute to an understanding of a "chilly climate" women encounter in many physics university departments. Another reason is that feminist analyses reveal that certain styles of…

Teaching the use of models in scientific research requires a description, in general terms, of how scientists actually use models in their research activities. This paper aims to arrive at defining common characteristics of models that are used in present-day scientific research. Initially, a list of common features of models and modelling, based…

High school students can access original scientific research articles on the Internet, but may have trouble understanding them. To address this problem of online literacy, the authors developed a computer-based prototype for guiding students' comprehension of scientific articles. High school students were asked to read an original scientific…

The educational requirements of a world science information system (UNISIST) are dealt with in the first part of this paper. The educational needs of: 1) the information scientists who design information systems, 2) the information specialists who carry out specific tasks, 3) the scientists who use information, and 4) editors and publishers are…

In "Situated Learning" (1991) Jean Lave and Etienne Wenger argue that mature identities motivate learning and that the image of master practitioners leads the social organization of learning opportunities, goals of newcomers, and relations between newcomers and others in a given community of practice. They further argue that learning is…

Provides some background information on the contributions of Louis Agassiz and Asa Gray to the history of American science as these two men disagreed concerning the ideas in Darwin's "The Orgin of Species." (PB)

Describes the life and achievements of a self-taught Negro astronomer who surveyed and produced almanacs. (LS)

The neighborhood information service (NIS) is a relatively new social service which could benefit from the experience of the information profession. (Author)

Expresses the need for, and identifies inherent problems in, the development of programs that will provide an environmental education for the professional chemist. (GS)

The skills necessary for the management of information services are identified, and ways in which information people may acquire them are defined. (Author/PF)

The primary objective of this paper is to encourage survey researchers not to become overly reliant on the literature for generic solutions to non-response bias problems. In addition, the paper recounts an example of how a non-traditional approach was used to maximize the usefulness of data collected under unusual constraints and with an a priori…

Holland's (1973) theory classifies occupations in terms of similarity to six ideal types (Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional) by assigning each occupation a three-letter code. Holland codes were recently developed for all occupations in the "Dictionary of Occupational Titles." The code for some…

The Agricultural Research Service (ARS) is the primary research agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. ARS scientists conduct research into the applications of technology and basic knowledge concerning food and agricultural enterprises. Area offices and national staff evaluate these scientists' proposals for in-house research through a…