Discussion of computing as a science and profession examines the chasm between computer scientists and users, barriers to the use and growth of computing, experimental computer science, computational science, software engineering, professional identity, professional practices, applications of technology, innovation, field boundaries, and…

Describes Web versions of online systems and considers advantages and trade-offs for information professionals and other searchers. Web versions highlighted include Dow Jones Interactive; Dialog; LEXIS-NEXIS; and STN. (LRW)

This article analyzes the essay (1866) by J. Langdon Down that first described the condition now known as Down Syndrome. The article's key concepts are related to the scientific literature of the era including writings on medicine, ethnography, public health, and genetics. Noted are nineteenth century ideas of "degeneracy" incorporated into Down's…

A theoretical overview of the relationship between nonacademic aspects of intelligence and success in immigrating is presented, and an empirical study involving 65 scientists who immigrated to Israel is reported. Findings suggest that the individual intelligence of the immigrant is a major determinant of immigration success. (SLD)

A new view of science that goes beyond conventional perceptions of science as either good or bad is proposed. The new perspective sees science as process rather than product, bringing together scientific skills and human insight. It is seen as important for the public to understand that expert disagreement is part of the scientific enterprise.…

Describes a project where students were given a small but real scientific question and allowed to deal with all aspects of the project just as a professional scientist would, rather than work on the science part only. (JRH)

Presents a brief sketch of A.J. (Jack) Meadows's career. Notes that he has written many significant articles and books in information science and related fields, many of them of seminal importance. Highlights his contributions to the field and to the many people who have worked with him. (AEF)

Discusses interactions between experimental systems and modes of interpretation. Uses the discovery of the 'base pairing principle' by Erwin Chargaff as an example to show how established laboratory routines and their development interact with the underlying theoretical framework and the 'Denkstil' (style of thought) of a collective of researchers…

Explores scientific fraud, asserting that while few scientists actually falsify results, the field has become so competitive that many are misbehaving in other ways; an example would be unreasonable criticism by anonymous peer reviewers. (EV)

Explains extensible markup language (XML) and how it differs from hypertext markup language (HTML) and standard generalized markup language (SGML). Highlights include features of XML, including better formatting of documents, better searching capabilities, multiple uses for hyperlinking, and an increase in Web applications; Web browsers; and what…

Reflects on how the modern naturalist, having a high regard for objectivity, deals with spiritual issues and emotional responses to environmental devastation; the role of field experience in a naturalist's judgments on politically sensitive environmental issues; the great time needed to acquire first-hand knowledge, such as that held by indigenous…

Introduces the Acclaim Project which aims to familiarize school children and the public with today's scientists. Focuses on scientists' activities in daily life and laboratories as well as participant scientists' comments. Explains how this project can be implemented at the elementary education level. (YDS)

This column describes the book, "The Tarantula Scientist," that features the work of arachnologist Sam Marshall, a scientist who studies spiders and their eight-legged relatives. Marshall is one of only four or five scientists who specializes in the study of tarantulas. The informative text and outstanding photographs follow Sam as he…

Many librarians have been concerned with the unintended consequences of new technologies, but Kristin Eschenfelder--librarian, scholar, and social scientist--gathers the data to enable rational policy decisions about technology's ramifications. As assistant professor in the School of Library and Information Studies at University of…

All four of the most important figures in the early twentieth-century development of quantum physics--Niels Bohr, Erwin Schroedinger, Werner Heisenberg and Wolfgang Pauli--had strong interests in the traditional mind--brain, or "hard," problem. This paper reviews their approach to this problem, showing the influence of Bohr's complementarity…