The status and activity of women scientists during the critical period of professionalization in American science was limited. Despite discrimination, three successive generations gained ground in numbers and professional acceptance--first as independent investigators, then as teachers and illustrators and finally as study or research group…

The author, a physicist, chemist, and geologist, describes the new frontiers of scientific research. (Editor/RK)

Summarizes Charles Wheatstone's 1843 paper introducing the Wheatstone bridge and the rheostat. (SL)

Describes the life and work of physicist Robert A. Millikan. (SL)

A simple formula and accompanying set of factors has been developed to estimate the average salary of groups of chemists with common characteristics. Five major characteristics in determining salaries are presented: years of experience, highest degree, type of employer, work function, and sex. Tables and a sample problem are included. (MA)

Many individuals are concerned with the erroneous image of science and scientists that is given to the public by the media. To improve the situation, it is suggested that individuals and organizations protest to movie studios and networks when inaccuracies appear and when scientists are portrayed in a denigrating manner. (Author/MA)

Briefly described are the theories of Newton, Fraunhofer and others (related to spectra) followed by a detailed description of the theory of J. Norman Lockyer. The various theories are presented in chronological order with attention given to historical perspectives. (AJ)

Describes the Congressional Science Fellows program. (SL)

Three articles discuss information brokering in the United Kingdom, Canada, and Argentina. A sidebar describes the Working from Home Forum on CompuServe, which is available to information consultants/brokers worldwide. (MES)

Because of information law's inability to keep up with rapid changes in information technology and impreciseness of the law, copyrighting of databases poses unique problems. Interpretation of fair use doctrine, privately owned computer "downloading," impact of federal electronic filing, and questions concerning information businesses…

Reviews knowledge of the following three related areas of concern: (1) the portrayal of science and scientists in popular culture; (2) community attitudes toward science and scientists; and (3) student perceptions of scientists. The relevance of these three areas of concern for science educators is also addressed. (JN)

Surveyed the attitudes of scientists toward the public dissemination of scientific information. Examined possible constraints relative to training and reward systems. Found general agreement that, except for research funding, little is to be gained within science by engaging in public dissemination of information. (PD)

Discusses three distinct hypotheses in the statement--"The role of the librarian, unlike that of the information scientist, is to identify the 'containers' of information rather than to filter the information itself." Definitions of the terms and examination of roles of the librarian and information scientist are included. (EJS)

Points out that the pool of White males is insufficient to provide the number of scientists, engineers, and technicians needed in our society. Indicates that women and minorities must be encouraged to enter these fields. (JOW)

Recommends that the American Society for Information Science become involved and cooperate with the American Association for the Advancement of Science in the issue of scientific freedom and responsibility. (Author/PF)