Problem solving and student-centred learning have received a great deal of attention in mathematics curricula for schools and in some universities. Much of this emphasis developed from the pioneering work of George Polya in heuristics, problem solving, and mathematics education. In this study, the author reviews Polya's work, and some of its later…

On October 5, 1957, the headline on the front page of the "Baltimore News-Post" proclaimed "Russ "Moon" Circling Earth." The "Russ" Moon was Sputnik I, launched by the Soviet Union a day earlier. The launch had far-reaching and unexpected outcomes for the United States. Almost immediately, President Dwight…

A transformation is occurring that will have a major impact on how academic science is done and how scientists are trained. That transformation--driven by declining federal funds, as well as by the rising cost of technology and the need for costly, labor-intensive interdisciplinary approaches--is from small science to big science. It is…

Moral philosophy seems well placed to claim the key role in theorizing about moral education. Indeed, moral philosophers have from antiquity had much to say about psychological and other processes of moral formation. Given this history, it may seem ironic that much systematic latter-day theorizing about moral education has been social scientific,…

The U.S. is no longer the universally preferred home for the global technology elite. Increasing numbers of scientists and engineers who were educated and have built successful careers there are returning to China, India, and other countries. Noting these trends, the policy and technology communities are sounding the alarm about an impending U.S.…

The Vanderbilt University Center for Science Outreach (CSO) connects university scientists to the K-12 community to enhance and improve science education. The Virtual Scientist program utilizes interactive videoconference (IVC) to facilitate this connection, providing 40-50 sessions per academic year to a national audience. Scientists, defined as…

The literature on faculty research performance is reviewed, with a focus on research by individual faculty members. The literature on the sociology of science and data-based results from sociological studies are emphasized. Attention is directed to measures of performance, the explanations and specific correlates likely to influence high research…

This report presents estimates of the total number of positions filled by scientists, engineers, and technicians employed in manufacturing industries in 1992. The estimates were developed from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey, a Federal/State program under which national and state estimates are generated, of employment by…

This report presents data on the demographic and employment characteristics of doctoral scientists and engineers in the United States. This 1991 survey is different from prior surveys in this series in that it represents an interest to accommodate an age-based cohort policy in retirement patterns and to make the sample frame compatible with other…

In this report, data are presented on the demographic and employment characteristics of the nation's doctoral scientists and engineers. The data were developed as part of the Longitudinal Doctorate Project. This report provides information on the number of employed scientists and engineers by demographic characteristics such as citizenship, place…

Future generations of children will be more dependent on science and technology than any generation before them. There is an urgency to insure that they will be able to survive in a highly technological setting. This will occur only with the help of teachers, parents, scientists, engineers, and others in the community. This document provides…

Further generations of children will be more dependent on science and technology than any generation before them. There is an urgency to insure that they will be able to survive in a highly technological setting. This will occur only with the help of teachers, parents, scientists, engineers, and others in the community. This document provides…

The purpose of this study was to determine the prior knowledge of students regarding scientists and their work. Students' depictions of scientists in pictures were compared to their responses in agreement or disagreement to statements about scientists and their work. The 124 seventh grade students drew a picture of a scientist and told why they…

Information is essential to the functioning of society, and there are many exciting opportunities for information professionals in the future. These professionals must be prepared to meet the need for excellence in their field. Information professionals generally fall within one of two categories: those who support the creation and preparation of…

Traces the historical sequence that establishes a clear line of connection from Newton and Locke through the philosophy of the Enlightenment and the evolution of deism to the American political tradition. (Author/GS)