Argues that counselors need to address disadvantaged students' needs from both academic and personal perspectives. Examines cultural and socioeconomic factors that may contribute to poor academic performance, looks at nonfamily support and the limited resources for disadvantaged African Americans, explores meaning of education to disadvantaged,…

Studied relationships between intended, implemented, and tested curricula of (n=84) classes of eighth-grade mathematics students based on data from the Second International Mathematics Study (SIMS). Analysis indicated the SIMS test for eighth graders was not representative of curriculum defined by students' texts. (Contains 22 references.)…

To examine the relationship between expectancies and values and their contributions to achievement, 153 seventh graders (54 males and 99 females) completed multiple measures of expectancy and value. Expectancies and values contributed to achievement, and the constructs for both were positively correlated. Differences between males and females are…

Reviews 15 years of research to identify advances in understanding the association between education and equality. Divides the studies into three general categories: (1) social-arithmetic investigations that deal with the impact of contextual and individual variables, (2) environmental press (or directional tendency) research into the family and…

Higher education faculty in the 1990s will find a substantially altered culture resulting from personnel turnover. A review of the literature discusses factors that account for these changes: demographics of the professoriate and changes in professional expectations (career entry, rewards, incentives, salaries, gender, race, workload, and tenure).…

A gender equity quiz helps elementary teachers determine whether their classrooms are fair to students of both sexes. The quiz looks at such areas as teacher-parent interaction, teacher-student relationships, teacher expectations of students, classroom techniques, discipline, gender roles, role models, and questioning techniques. (SM)

Uses matched data from the restricted-use National Educational Longitudinal Survey and the Common Core of Data to hierarchically model the simultaneous influences of family/peer and educational institutional processes on the Black-White gap in achievement among high school students. Suggests strong linkages between family/peer group attributes and…

Discusses strategies that support student self-determination in transition planning, including: holding high expectations for students, preparing students for transition meetings, allowing students to make important decisions, encouraging students to attend transition fairs, and providing opportunities for students to explore their communities and…

Examined emotional relationships between teachers and their students. Interviews with principals and seventh- and eighth-grade teachers who were very committed to several educational reforms indicated that teachers valued emotional bonds formed with students and appreciated the purposes of educating their students as emotional, social, and…

Examines the nature of a middle school classroom during the development of a community of learners by focusing on teacher/student interactions and the connections made by students with people outside of the classroom. Finds that the teacher's role is critical in creating a community of learners. Contains 54 references. (Author/WRM)

Stresses the need for music educators to ask questions that promote higher-level thinking in their students. Provides a flowchart to help teachers organize their lessons and present graphically the ways to construct effective questions. Explains each of the six sections of the flowchart in detail. (CMK)

Used the lesson preparation method and interviews to investigate preservice physics teachers' pedagogical content knowledge, focusing on their knowledge of pupils' conceptual difficulties with temperature and heat. Results found a relationship between conceptual difficulties preservice teachers expected their pupils to have and conceptual…

Presents eight language learning principles that suggest ways instructors can integrate language in their classrooms to reinforce anything from vocabulary to thinking and social skills in the form of group and pair work. The principles were developed to improve an imbalance between students' skills and teachers' expectations at Peninsula Technikon…

In 1996, a Winston-Salem principal closed a failing alternative school and developed a new program dedicated to helping at-risk kids succeed. The result was LEAP (Learning and Acceleration Program) Academy, a school that helps academically unstable middle-school students catch up to their peers by completing two years of academic course work in…

Examined the individual characteristics and high school departments of mathematics and English teachers who did or did not adapt instruction for diverse students. Data from case studies and surveys revealed different patterns of goals, beliefs, and conceptions of subject matter and students characteristic of teachers who did and did not adapt.…