Socially rejected students are actively excluded for long periods of time by many of their peers at school and are often the recipients of verbal or physical abuse. Although most consideration of this problem has focused on rejected students, social rejections could be considered as a group phenomenon, determined by the structure of the social…

In climbing an organizational ladder dominated by males, the professional woman encounters obstacles to the more traditional feminine behaviors and mannerisms to which she may be accustomed. These obstacles may erode her sense of identity, creating difficulties both inside and outside of her work environment. Traditional distinctions between…

Organizational socialization concerns the manner in which an individual learns the role of his or her career in the dominant setting in which the work occurs. From the functionalist approach, the role of teacher carries predetermined work attitudes, status, behaviors, and norms into which a beginning teacher is passively socialized. The…

The communication patterns of 113 Japanese, 176 Mexican, and 285 Korean residents of the Chicago area were examined through a questionnaire about their interpersonal relationships within and across ethnic groups. Individual responses indicated the numbers and kinds of people (acquaintances, casual friends, close friends) with whom the subjects…

This literature review examines the influence of teacher gender on child behavior and development from nursery school through the later elementary school grades. Implications of social learning and cognitive theories of gender identification and development are explored, and several studies of the effects of male teachers on students, as well as…

This textbook for elementary physical education teachers is divided into seven parts. The topics covered are: (1) instructional objectives and competencies definitions for elementary physical education; (2) physical and mental characteristics of elementary school children; (3) the science of movement and perceptual motor development of children;…

This guide to the textbook of the same title is divided into four areas: structure of the text; suggested course outlines for both semester and quarter courses; suggested approaches for using the text when teaching elementary school physical education courses; and short-answer examination questions for each chapter in the text. Material is…

The paper explores reasons for the failure of contemporary approaches to moral education and suggests an alternative based on theories of prosocial behavior. Prosocial behavior comprises actions intended to aid another person or group of people without the actors' anticipation of external rewards. Cultural and social factors appear to be most…

To assess sex role development in Mexican-American males, about 40 kindergarten boys from low middle to very low socioeconomic backgrounds were divided into 2 statistical test groups according to whether their fathers were or were not resident in the home. Data were obtained from toy preference scorings, which followed Biller's 1968 measure;…

The following recommendations for improving the student teaching experience are presented: (1) Select cooperating teachers for their excellence as classroom teachers; (2) Place student teachers in schools and with cooperating teachers that share the educational orientation of their college; (3) Place at least five student teachers in each school;…

The proceedings of a conference centered on the influences of urban life on child development, sponsored by the World Union for the Safeguard of Youth and the Conseil du Quebec de l'Enfance Exceptionnelle in 1979, are presented in this report. Three general themes were addressed at the conference: (1) the child in the family within the city, (2)…

The report investigates current practices and attitudes toward social education in twenty schools in Australia. Three different aspects of the curriculum--the ideal, the planned, and the operative--are reflected from viewpoints of the teacher, the student, and the outside observer. Particular attention is paid to the implications of the curriculum…

Two political socialization issues were explored for 9-, 13-, and 17-year-old youth. The first issue was the extent to which there is a general orientation among American youth toward tolerance. The second issue was the relationship of tolerance among youth to political knowledge and orientation to political participation. A major objective of the…

This research investigated the relationship between ego development and social network structure in grades 9 through 12 in a private school. Students filled out a sentence completion test for ego development and named friends with whom they spent the most time in school on a sociometric questionnaire. Popularity, mutuality in dyads, and choices…

The paper focuses on the impact of mass media, especially television, on the educational process and outlines implications for the future. Studies point out that children view an average of 8,000 hours of television annually between ages three and five. Positive effects include increase in the vocabulary of young children, a better appreciation of…