Problem-solving performance and goal-setting behavior were investigated in 156 undergraduates who, on Mehrabian's Achievement Scales, demonstrated either the motive to approach success or the motive to avoid failure. Different expectations of success or failure were induced by fictitious preperformance information. The degree of success or failure…

This text is designed to present the major concepts of performance-based instruction for use by teachers, supervisors, and administrators. Chapter 1 discusses student expectations of instruction, including such topics as "Let Me Start Where I Am,""Tell Me What to Expect," and "Give Me a Test, but Don't Threaten Me." Chapter 2 defines effective…

This paper discusses the association between achievement motivation and cultural differences. It maintains that the culturally different can be motivated to achieve if provided the proper motivational context. Earlier traditions for stimulating achievement motivation in the classroom are reviewed, including changing the person, changing the…

A study was conducted to determine whether (1) readers would express an awareness of structural disruption in stories, (2) there were developmental differences in the extent to which readers were aware of structural disruption, and (3) there were developmental differences in the types of structural disruptions that disturbed readers. Fifty third…

Very little is known about discrimination against the handicapped in employment situations and the processes by which it occurs. Mature students (N=72) in personnel and behavioral science courses evaluated epileptic or non-epileptic, male or female applicants for an auto sales or receptionist position. Subjects reviewed an applicant's resume…

The paper compares educational and occupational aspirations and expectations of 500 black and white students from a San Antonio college. Previous research had produced conflicting theories of social class and race as determinants of expectations. This study employed a self-administered questionnaire which included the Occupational Aspiration Scale…

This article recognizes that money is a key problem in retirement and takes the approach that a review of past satisfactions and of future hopes is the best starting point in sound financial planning. Planning aids and worksheets are included. (Author/MLF)

This article explores considerations important to decisions about future living arrangements. It examines a number of factors that influence decisions about living arrangements. Emphasis is on recognition of the personal considerations that will affect individual satisfaction. (Author/MLF)

Utilizing data derived from survey questionnaires administered during 1968 to 427 white high school senior males, the following hypotheses were tested: (1) no class differentials exist with regard to the proportion in each class who place a high value on success; and (2) of those respondents who value success highly, a larger proportion of higher…

The purpose of this study was to determine if significant differences exist between mothers', fathers', and teachers' expectations for kindergarten children's reading development and their appraisals of kindergarten children's readiness for reading. The sample population in the investigation consisted of kindergarten children, the children's…

Boards of education and professional educators have been charged with the responsibility for being accountable for the educational dollars. This involves designing and utilizing a model of accountability that would focus on staff development whereby each individual is cognizant of his assignment, areas that need improvement, and assured assistance…

In this experiment, the effects of attainment or nonattainment of self-set goals are assessed in individuals of three ethnic groups (white, black and Mexican-American), both pre- and post-desegregation. The method used to test level of expectation, actual performance, and reactions to success or failure is a simple ring toss game. Subjects varied…

A study was undertaken to determine the degree and nature of expectancy of reinforcement in high school underachievers, and to evaluate a method for modifying the internal versus external expectancies which relate to motivation for achievement and attainment of success. A computer instructional program was used to impart immediate reinforcement…

Intended to provide basic information about the attitudes and behavior of the rural poor, this report summarized data gathered from 9 families living in Michigan's lower peninsula. Selected because their houses and surroundings indicated permanent occupancy by people who were poor, the families were interviewed by 2 college-age women. Responses to…

This study attempted to replicate the findings of Moore, Gagne, and Hauck (1973) and to test the developmental assumption of the two-stage motivational theory proposed by Moore, Means, and Gagne (1972) concerning the effect of combination expectancy-feedback communications. Fourth and second grade subjects were administered five pairs of these…