Literature is reviewed related to the attitudes of educators toward handicapped children and the concept of mainstreaming these youngsters into regular class settings. Research is also reviewed that documents the relationship between teachers' attitudes toward individual pupils and the differential instructional treatment of children. (Author)

In a 4-year longitudinal study of 4,300 British elementary school children, teachers' expectations influenced children's achievement to an extent appreciably exceeding that to which children's performance impinged on teachers' attitudes. Teachers' evaluations of children's social performance affected later achievement to an extent exceeding that…

The present study investigated the relation between preferences and expectations about a university student counseling service in a population of 100 student nonclients. Results indicated that nonclients wanted the counselor to be significantly more active than they expected him to be. (Author)

Reform proposals for Japan's large higher education system include diminishing the trauma of university entrance examinations, strengthening the quality and diversity of undergraduate education, improving graduate school offerings, establishing a lifelong education system, and expanding the scope of international exchange programs. Politics are…

Explores forces of tradition and community and pressures to find work and succeed in "modern" world on lives of rural youth. Examines data on 46 youth (aged 17-24) from Sawyer, Maine. Suggests lessons for social service professionals as they help youth, their families, and their communities build constructive future lives. (NEC)

Female college students (N=81) were led to believe either that a counselor would or would not self-disclose, or were given no expectation regarding self-disclosure. Subjects then listened to audiotapes in which counselor did or did not reveal personal information. Results showed that disclosing counselor was viewed more favorably than…

To manage increased demands despite limited resources, schools need to invoke safeguards. They must clarify the scope of school involvements, demand adequate funding, reject accountability for the failure of other social institutions and structures (like the family), and use their considerable expertise to resolve the dropout problem. (MLH)

This study investigated effects of preperformance information on actual classroom teacher's expectations and attributions for a hypothetical male student. Teachers were found to have higher expectations for students with ascending performance patterns, and for students labeled learning disabled rather than mildly retarded. (Author/LMO)

An American educator evaluates education experts' current infatuation with the Japanese educational system. She cautions against importing Japan's educational methods to the United States and urges educators to look at the cultural values that produce both systems. She provides thoughtful anecdotes from her experiences visiting Japanese schools to…

The need for and importance of effective leadership in nursing education mandates that individual and institutional efforts be committed to reducing role ambiguity, conflict, and overload in the position of assistant dean, whose role is subject to multiple demands and involved with multiple administrative subsystems. (Author/MSE)

Investigates whether 53 mothers' beliefs about achievement were related to their seventh grade children's sex differences, and the association between these beliefs and their children's performance in mathematics. (HOD)

Summarizes the accreditation process of library and information science education programs by the American Library Association/Committee on Accreditation as the context for review of accreditation standards; and discusses current status of accreditation and the divergent trends related to increasing and decreasing expectations of accreditation.…

Describes a study conducted with undergraduate psychology students to determine if the relationship between expectancy measured shortly before an examination and subsequent achievement can be accounted for by the possible common antecedents of previous achievement, past effort expenditure, and perceived ability. (MBR)

Shows how employers' and society's expectations of what two-year-college English teachers can do for students conflict with what they can achieve. (EL)

Two experiments were conducted to determine how initial task experiences of success and failure combine with observation of task outcomes in same-age, same-sex peers to affect the achievement expectations of second and third graders. The first experiment involved lower class urban Black children; the second involved middle class rural White…