The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of teacher expectations on first-grade reading achievement. Rankings of reading readiness were collected from 26 classroom teachers before and after falsified reading readiness scores were presented to them. From 536 first graders, 32 high socioeconomic status with low reading readiness status…

Since some critics have proposed that correlations between crosscultural comparisons of high prestige occupations and standard occupational indexes might prove lower if larger numbers of occupation titles were compared and if nonurban populations were studied, the occupational prestige evaluations of a rurally isolated group of American Indians…

The charge has often been made that in peripheral regions of Scotland the secondary educational system has contributed to rural depopulation, since students often must leave the rural community for a distant, centralized secondary school located in an urban area where values and aspirations differ from those of rural communities. In a study of…

This paper presents a critical evaluation of the research study Pygmalion in the Classroom by R. Rosenthal and L. Jacobson (New York: Holt, Rinehard and Winston, 1968) and reports an extensive reanalysis of the Rosenthal-Jacobson data. The Pygmalion study purported to show that children whose teachers expected them to "bloom"…

In this study, the judgmental ratings that 15 teacher-subjects made of the two-factors of "confidence-eagerness" and "ethnicity-nonstandardness" in children's speech are compared to their presumptions of the speech behavior expected from children from certain ethnic and social status groups. In a pre- and post-test experiment…

Critiques of the Rosenthal research on experimenter bias and teacher expectancy have demonstrated that few, if any, conclusions can be drawn from it. From other research concerning the factors in and effects of teacher expectancy, it appears that elementary school children make accurate perceptions of subtle affective and cognitive behaviors of…

The major objective of this study was to ascertain which of the eligible persons most influenced students' educational aspirations, expectations, and potential performance. Information on educational aspirations and expectations of 119 Native Americans and 304 non-Indian youth attending 4 small rural high schools in Montana was obtained by…

Purpose of the study was to investigate the relative impact of family income on the level of educational aspirations and expectations of high school students. Information on educational aspirations and expectations of 119 Native Americans and 304 non-Indian youth attending 4 small rural high schools in Montana was obtained by questionnaire. It was…

To determine the effects of administrator expectation, school social class, and teacher experience on the quality of curricula developed by teachers at the local level in small planning groups, two levels of administrative expectation and two levels of school social class were simulated in a 2 x 2 design. Twenty-seven groups of three secondary…

The relationship between expectancy and performance in a self-paced computer-assisted instruction (CAI) program is explored in this study. The hypotheses developed were that the subjects with high expectancy would perform better and require less instruction, set higher performance criteria for themselves, and have higher expectancy on a transfer…

The specific research objective of this paper was to make racial comparisons on the consistency dimension of the projected frames of reference of adolescent males from the rural South. Data were obtained from a population of high school sophomores in 3 Texas and 2 Georgia counties. Complete data were available for 223 white and 192 Negro males.…

The purpose of this paper is to examine some factors which may have an effect on occupational choice and perceived goal-blockage of high school students in 2 selected geographical areas. The factors examined are residence, race, education, and self-concept. Group I consisted of 264 male and female black high school seniors in Louisiana. The rural…

This research tests the hypothesis that trust is a prerequisite for the exchange of information about needs and priorities in negotiation. Bargainers who do not trust one another will fail to exchange information because they fear exploitation. Aspiration level and trust were manipulated in a simulated bargaining task. Bargainers induced to trust…

This paper briefly reviews how subjects enhance performance by favoring some stimuli over others. The author calls the mechanism by which this is achieved "expectancy", a generic term including preparatory set, behavioral hypotheses, orienting reflex, and anticipatory goal responses. Temporal and event expectancy are contrasted. Verbal prediction…

Among the findings are that men fare better than women in fulfilling post college career expectations, that women are less likely to obtain field related work and more likely to say they have experienced work discrimination, and that women anticipate less earnings and earn less - the one area where expectations match the reality. (Author/AM)