The paper describes research examining the interrelationships among cognitive, linguistic, and social development in a sample of dysphasic children (having severe linguistic problems disproportionate to cognitive abilities) using microprocessors as a special diagnostic and training environment. Two studies are described; the first (the Comparison…

A multivariate correlational study examined interrelationships among personal and contextual variables and early childhood administrators' willingness to implement computer technology. A total of 80 administrators of programs in the state of Illinois with a licensed capacity of 80 or more participated in the study. Dependent variables included…

An expectancy of criticism scale was devised in order to measure children's expectations of giving criticism to and receiving criticism from different agents for public achievement efforts in class. Scores on the Children's Social Desirability Scale (CSD) and teacher ratings of amount of criticism the children received and of their participation…

In order to assess the degree to which teachers' expectations are related to children's social class characteristics, 96 elementary school teachers of lower and middle-upper class children were asked to judge performance potential and related characteristics, including SES background, from a set of photographs of black and white children.…

A sample of 176 Tennessee children and their mothers were studied in 1969 when the children were fifth or sixth graders and again in 1975 when they were eleventh or twelfth graders to determine changes in occupational and educational aspirations and expectations along with possible causes for such changes. Comparison of occupational aspirations…

Retirement research which focuses on retiring white males is not relevant to the emerging group of minority retirees. The retirement decision-making and perceptions about retirement among almost equal numbers of Blacks, Latinos, and Anglos (N=595) in Denver and San Diego were examined to investigate the appropriateness of the emerging minority…

This paper reviews the research undertaken by trainees in counseling supervision who were students in a class on studies in supervision. One study which is discussed focuses on the relationship of supervisor behavior and supervisor didactic or experiential expectations. Another study is presented which explores the behavioral correlates of…

Clients who contact mental health centers but fail to follow through for treatment present a significant problem for therapists. Being able to predict which clients will not follow through with an initial therapy session could be very beneficial. At intake, subjects (N=27) who had requested service from a mental health center provided demographic…

A model of persuasion suggests that individuals comply with a prediction of their behavior because they are persuaded by that prediction; a model of threat suggests that they defy prediction because of its threat of control. College students with either internal (N=20) or external (N=20) loci of control were informed of the accuracy of the…

The possibility that judges' expectancy effects may adversely affect the results of jury trials is a problem that needs careful theoretical analysis and innovative methods of resolution. Traditional efforts by the legal community to counteract the threat of verbal/nonverbal bias by judges include the "Code of Judicial Conduct," curative…

Differences in sex role expectations between parents of female college freshmen and male college freshmen were investigated. It was hypothesized that parents of entering college freshman women would be less likely than parents of entering freshman men to agree on expectations for their child and on sex role expectations in general, and that young…

Interpretation of experimental tasks is influenced by knowledge of the language used, by assessment of what the experimenter intends, and by how subjects themselves would normally represent the physical situation. Whether these processes in which children engage in cognitive studies differ from those employed by adults in similar tasks was…

Most social interactions involve spontaneous or unintentional behavior. Deliberate behavior, however, represents intentional action. An individual may display a particular emotion or behave in a systematic fashion to convey or conceal a specific type of affect. Often, an observer will question the authenticity of a behavior sequence, deciding…

Traditional efforts to assess behavioral health needs in communities have relied on objective population characteristics to define need. Newer conceptual models must be developed that incorporate survey data into definitions of need. One preliminary model includes resident subjective perceptions of life changes in their personal and social…

This experiment assesses the effects on initial expectancies of time-limited (12 sessions) counseling, of the interaction of time limits with the chronicity of the client's problem, and of the rationale given for time limits (time limits effective/appropriate vs. a long waiting list). Eighty female college students were asked to place themselves…