A study of the relationship between demographic variables and attitudes toward women's professional achievement among 343 students in a master's degree social work program and alumni is discussed. No significant differences between male and female attitudes were discovered; however, findings indicated that females had lower salary expectations.…

Five contributors separately discuss (1) a formula for describing the anticipatory process in reading; (2) a combined reading, writing, and comprehension exercise that proved popular with rehabilitation students; (3) an adult education project involving reports on recreational reading; (4) limitations of the Fry Readability Graph; and (5) a method…

A novel, liberal admissions procedure used for students over 25 at the University of New South Wales (Australia) is described and its effectiveness evaluated. Extensive interview and questionnaire data are reported on student motivation, expectation, and adjustment problems. Academic performance is shown to be consistently superior to traditional…

Examines differences in educational satisfaction among Black and White male students in postsecondary institutions. Variables used to study these differences were high school ability, expectations, self-esteem, school and program type, and postsecondary grades. (Author/DB)

Fifth-grade boys of relatively good, average, and poor reading ability were assessed on tasks in which success and failure were manipulated. Consistent with predictions, poor readers displayed characteristics indicative of learned helplessness and low self-concepts of ability, including low expectations and less persistence. (Instructional…

American students expect the counselor to be less directive and protective and they themselves expect to be more responsible for improvement. In contrast, the Chinese, Iranian, and African students expect to assume a more passive role and that the counselor will be a more directive and nurturing authority figure. (Author)

Notes similarities and differences of pretherapy expectations for psychotherapists, length of time in therapy, and definitions of mental illness among 44 Mexican American and 48 Anglo American low income out-patients at an East Los Angeles mental health clinic. (SB)

To examine the possibility that teacher variables affect school integration results, this article reviews the literature on minority children and teacher attitudes and behavior. This literature indicates that biased assessments (unfavorable attitudes, qualitatively inferior instructional behavior, and lower expectations) are made of minority or…

Compliance, identification, internalization, and expectancy are delineated and defined as three conscious and one nonconscious reaction to social influence. Discussion centers on the implications of each reaction in terms of a classroom environment wherein teacher and students influence each other and are subject to the pressures of public…

Compares seven reading expectancy formulae after converting each to stanines to determine whether the more stabilized formulae would produce similar decisions as to whether a student should be referred for further diagnosis. (FL)

Artificially induced expectancy of essay quality and handwriting quality of essays were shown to affect reader ratings of essay tests. There was a significant effect for expectancy, none for handwriting, and an interesting but non-significant interaction effect. (JKS)

Compares the Bond and Tinker, and the Harris reading expectancy formulas, using 113 fourth, fifth, and sixth graders. Finds that the use of both formulas is desirable in clinical situations, but that the Harris formula is preferable if gains on standardized tests are the only criteria of success. (RL)

This study compares the college expectations of freshmen with the perceptions of upperclassmen, using the College Characteristics Index. It also compares the expectations of freshmen who had taken college courses during high school with those of other entering freshmen. (Author)

Because gifted children are different in level of emotional development, interactions with peers, and learning characteristics, they require special support. Drawing on experience with enrichment programs for young gifted children, this article explores ways of establishing nurturing learning environments that develop self-esteem, engage long-term…

Examined effects of eight teachers' ethno-theories (beliefs and values) on interactions with their students, with two broad groupings of child temperament: difficult and easy. Found that children classified as difficult by teachers consistently gave and received from teachers more negative-valence in emotional and social behaviors than easy…