Teachers successful at reaching low-achieving students combine a high sense of their own efficacy with high, realistic expectations for student achievement. "Helpless" students may be assisted by "links" to success such as proximal goals, appropriate learning strategies, successful experience, and attribution of success to personal efforts.…

Studies relationships among sex difference, performance expectation, and actual performance in video game competition between female and male subjects. Finds that self-confidence of females is not lower than that of males after competing against a good opponent, indicating that performance expectancies may be more related to skill level than to…

Among 1,245 college graduates in business, career strategies and expectations did not differ between Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites, among Hispanics of varying cultural identification, or between men and women. About 31 percent of Hispanics and 47 percent of women reported ethnic and sex discrimination, respectively. Contains 30 references. (SV)

Examines differences between teacher educators' and classroom teachers' expectations of student teachers' skills, practices, and procedures, and their impact on student teachers. Finds that teacher educators are more concerned with socio-political issues and are less student-centered than classroom teachers, causing student teacher confusion. (FMW)

The support of home and parents is a major factor in the school-to-work transition of special needs students. Survey research describes parent expectations of these students as minimal. Suggestions are offered for enhancing support for parents and their special needs students. (Author/MSE)

A study examined the extent to which expected grades, actual grades, and self-assessment of learning affected dental students' ratings of clinical courses. Expected and actual grades correlated slightly with course rating. Students' assessments of their learning correlated strongly with both overall course rating and ratings of specific teaching…

Using data from the Jyvaskyla (Finland) Longitudinal Study of Social Development, teachers' abilities to estimate 326 students' (155 females and 171 males) career resources were assessed. Peer estimation of social skills and teacher assessment of academic achievement were found to be correlated with teachers' predictions of career success. (TJH)

This study with 54 teachers of the moderately to profoundly handicapped examined whether different trends on graphs, frequencies of data collection, and interaction of trend and frequency influence teacher judgments of student performance. Results found that unless graphs indicated systematic improvement, judgments tended to differ by frequency.…

A study with 101 college freshmen indicates that freshman experience promotes increasing intellectual complexity for both sexes, but more for males than females. Analysis of student expectations and perceptions of environments shows subtle differences that may account for differential growth, suggesting some approaches to creating equitable…

Stresses the importance of teacher experiences of students at preschool or elementary school. Discusses the effect of a naive mathematical expert, a content area resource person lacking of formal experience with primary grade level instruction, at primary grade classroom. (YP)

American students devote only about 20 percent of their waking hours to learning tasks. Academic effort in high school is generally not well signaled to colleges and employers. Educators can make studying pay off by offering school-based rewards, providing diplomas certifying various competencies, and challenging college-bound students with…

Overall teaching effectiveness (OTE) was computed from student evaluations of teacher performance in a university business school. Class size, teaching assistants, and perception of class difficulty did not negatively affect OTE, but students' grade expectations had a significant influence. (SK)

High rates of student failure must be seen as unacceptable. Instructional specialists can work with teachers who fail large numbers of students and help the teacher be more successful. (MLF)

Administrators, deans, and department chairs in undergraduate intensive colleges of pharmacy must encourage faculty research with not only words and exhortations but also with resources. Institutional support of faculty research must not be seen as diverting money from the instructional enterprise but as enhancing it. (MSE)

The predictions that 48 students with deafness in grades 4-8 made while reading narrative text were analyzed to explore the influence of the children's expectations for text structure and content on reading comprehension. Findings indicated that interacting at a deep level with narrative text was more related to reader characteristics than to…