To examine selective memorization in a scene context in which the expectancy of items was manipulated, preschool children, young adults, and older adults viewed a series of familiar scenes and were asked to remember one item from each. Results for children contrasted with the typical result of selective memorization research. (Author/RH)

In 1984, a Maryland elementary school publicized standardized test scores showing black students trailing white students by 25 points. Alarmed by this gap, a district task force found the root cause--negative attitudes about black students' potential--and launched an effective schools process in 171 schools. Two supporting programs are described.…

The qualitative study examined characteristics of 25 deaf graduates of the Rochester Institute of Technology. Findings are discussed for finding a job, learning the job, communication at work, relationships at work, expectations for the future, discrimination in the workplace, reasons for leaving the job, and strategies for managing difficult work…

Investigated the effects of occupational sex-dominance on sex differences in occupational performance expectations. College students indicated their self-expectations and comparison person expectations (those of a "typical" male or female) regarding job performance for six occupations. Women reported lower expectations for themselves except for…

Examined effects of cultural mistrust on counseling expectations for Black clients assigned to both Black and White counselors. Found client mistrust level interacted significantly with counselor race. Highly mistrustful Blacks expected white counselors to be less accepting, trustworthy, and expert; they also expected less in terms of counseling…

Contends that use of occupational prestige scale to code occupations when investigating sex differences in occupational aspirations and expectations is not appropriate because of inherent sex biases. Addresses development of early prestige scales, apparent congruence of prestige ratings by men and women, and effect of sex on prestige ratings and…

In an instructional study, teachers were taught to make decisions about reading instruction while simultaneously following directives about how to use a mandated basal reading textbook. This article examines how such directives influenced elementary school teachers' perceptions of their role as reading teachers. (Author/NH)

A common perception is that the leadership problems facing the presidents of small, independent liberal arts colleges are simply a subset of those facing larger schools, but small colleges operate in a unique economic environment that offers opportunity as well as peril. The president's involvement is required at every level. (MSE)

Conferences are defined and distinguished from other academic and professional meetings, and their formats and general aims are discussed in relation to participants' expectations and attitudes. An analysis of conference reports provides insight into conferences as an educational medium. Future technological developments and their effect on…

Meta analysis was used on 18 studies of elementary students that tested the effects of teacher expectation on pupil IQ. Data supported the view that the better teachers know their pupils at the time of expectancy induction, the smaller the treatment effect. Additional findings and implications for further research are discussed. (BS)

Presents a replication of Looft's 1971 study on vocational preference and expectation in a 1981 study of 108 preschool and primary students. Results showed modest changes in occupational preferences, still mediated by sex role implications. Girls' expectations of obtaining preferred occupations were very low. (JAC)

The concept of student-institution fit includes much more than institutional searches for students with predetermined characteristics based on the characteristics of graduates. It requires a broad interactionist perspective, links with an institution-wide student retention plan, realistic information dissemination, and response to existing…

An important step toward achieving equity in education for women and minorities is understanding stereotyping and how it affects teachers and students. This article discusses stereotyping, where it is commonly found, influences it may have on teachers and students, and some interventions to reduce its impact. (JMK)

The purpose of this study was to determine differential relationships among teacher perceptions of student expression of effort, teacher expectation, grade, school, teacher, sex, and being handicapped/nonhandicapped on gross motor performance among handicapped and nonhandicapped children integrated together in physical education classes.…

Describes an effective community education program for Pearl High School in Nashville (TN) that involved the consideration of five factors (community involvement, personal needs, organizational needs, perceptions, and expectations) in a successful effort to unify the school. (SB)