Community attitudes can profoundly reinforce or virtually neutralize the work of teachers and school administrators. Young people's motivation for learning will be weakened if high standards are not valued by classmates, parents, and the community. The community is obligated to provide comfortable school buildings, provide the best teachers…

Presents strategies for banishing behavior problems in the classroom and creating a positive learning environment. The behaviors include name calling; hitting and pushing; tattling; poking and touching; overactivity; talking back; complaining about no playmates; being unprepared to work; and lying, cheating, and stealing. On-the-spot solutions are…

Questionnaire responses of 108 older adults revealed 5 correlates of sense of usefulness: continuity in respect from younger age, involvement with family, involvement with significant others, involvement with community, and meeting one's expectations for old age. Continuity in respect, meeting one's expectations, and sense of usefulness combined…

California's Bilingual Theoretical Framework, an attempt to establish "one best system" for educating language minority students, sets up self-fulfilling prophecies that hinder monolingual teachers' effectiveness. A chronic shortage of bilingual teachers and an influx of low-incidence language minorities create a need to move beyond the…

Suggests that educating all students entails going beyond seeking ways to enable marginalized students to engage in present educational forms. An education for homeless and minority children involves rethinking foundational assumptions about the nature of the disciplines, the purposes of education, and the role of teachers. Respecting diversity…

A teacher/counselor of gifted students explains some of the difficulties encountered by at-risk, high-ability, young people. Describes discussion groups held for these students and suggests that gifted-education teachers and school counselors work together to provide advocacy for gifted students. (MKA)

Four experiments examined 8- to 12-month olds on search and nonsearch A not B tasks, a one-location task, and control tasks. Results indicated memory for where object was hidden and expectations of where it should be found. The effect occurred at delays at which infants made the A not B error when searching, and at a longer 15-second delay.…

Studied factors contributing to the academic achievement of nine high-achieving urban female students from disadvantaged backgrounds. Findings demonstrate the importance of a community of achievement created by these students within their school and the importance of parental expectations. (SLD)

Culture influences expectations about classroom goals. The cultural distinction between individualism and collectivism is one factor that affects students' adjustment from home to school. Article suggests teachers and counselors may want to capitalize on students' cultural tendencies, but also plan for ways to expand students' repertories of…

Staff at a Sandy Hook, Connecticut high school agreed that content standards are fixed learning goals specifying what a student should know and accomplish; performance standards describe student work products (criteria) to meet these goals. Forthright expectations increased students' accountability for quality work, improved grading objectivity,…

A survey tested a statistical model to determine the influence of college-bound students' intentions to graduate on their expectations of the university experience. Results indicate two expectation levels, a lower level of realistic expectation about what will happen, and a higher level of expectation about what should happen. Divided by ethnic…

Asserts that the expected consequences of ability test results can constrain performance. Predicts that status processes, including status differences and differences in resulting rewards and costs, will produce differences in ability test scores between high-status and low-status individuals. Finds expected performance differences between test…

Discusses differences between girls and boys, focusing on pitfalls and perils specific to each gender, offering research on differences in their development and educational experiences, explaining how the different sexes self-blame, and noting good news for girls related to equal educational opportunities. The paper concludes that the problems of…

Within a generation, everyone will access calculators, word processors, and video cameras as easily as paper, pencils, and books today. Information technologies will predominate. People will be expected to use several symbol systems, apply knowledge, think strategically, manage information, and create as teams. Implications for educators are…

Interviews two poets who teach writing to special education students in various middle and high schools around New York. Discusses expectations, specific writing exercises or poems that work well, and strategies for maintaining focus and control or engaging unengaged students. (SR)