Focusing on an inner-city school system, schools which include the poor, blacks, and immigrant children, this study examines some of the determinants and effects of teachers' expectations for class achievement: data consist of results from expectations measures administered to the teachers plus pupils' scores on the Stanford Achievement Test.…

In his discussion of interpersonal balance theory Heider postulated that unit relationships induce sentiment relationships. The relationship between anticipated interaction and interpersonal attraction was examined with female high school seniors (N=109) who read a description of a fictitious student and rated that student as someone they would…

Research studies concerned with sex-role stereotypes have noted that behavior is often shaped by expectations others hold about certain individuals. In one experiment, female undergraduates who expected to meet attractive desirable men portrayed themselves as more feminine and performed less intelligently on a bogus IQ test when they thought the…

Literature from organizational and social psychology has suggested that three types of factors influence performance, i.e., cognitive, affective and behavioral. A model was developed to test a set of propositions concerning the relationship between the three kinds of factors, and included attributions, expectancies, general emotional responses to…

A case study of an effective, predominantly black, public elementary school in an eastern inner-city area, aimed to identify and define factors that relate to school effectiveness. The analytical method used, drawn from ecological psychology, emphasizes observing natural behavior in its normal environment and noting the links between the person…

The role of affect in information processing has recently received attention, and several possible influences of affect have been suggested. The informational and directive effects of affect were investigated with subjects (N=61) who either described events in their recent past that made them feel good, described events that made them feel bad, or…

A role-sharing marriage is one in which the husband and wife share equally the rights and responsibilities traditionally assigned to one or the other sex as part of their ideal family role, in the areas of breadwinning, decisionmaking, and domestic chores. A marriage style based on sexual equality is rarely found in practice and subsequently has…

In the first of two experiments, positive and negative expectations about a teacher were induced in a student who was about to be taught by that teacher, and both verbal and nonverbal measurements were taken. Results showed that subjects responded quite directly to the experimental manipulation. In the second experiment, a student simulated some…

Caregivers' expectancies and behaviors in relationship to young handicapped children were investigated in this paper. Two studies were conducted in an attempt to answer three questions: (1) How will caregivers respond to the young handicapped child? (2) Do the child's stimulus characteristics, such as physical appearance, create biases in…

Black graduate students (N=30) in a predominantly black state college in the southern part of the United States were surveyed regarding their personal aspirations and personal concerns. The aspirations of these black graduate students revolve around employment, a decent standard of living, owning a house, and having modern conveniences.…

Individuals interacting with an unfamiliar target person behave according to prior impressions of the target. A perceiver's pre-interaction expectancy can mediate both his and the target person's behavior, resulting in behavioral confirmation or compensation. Male subjects (N=96) participated in dyadic interactions in which one subject (perceiver)…

This paper reviews the research carried out in New Zealand classrooms since 1967, including conference papers, theses and dissertations, published articles, and unpublished reports. Classroom research is defined as any work, irrespective of disciplinary affiliation, which is concerned with the actual day to day operation of classroom life. Review…

A 24-item Q-sort faculty evaluation instrument based on Spady's model of teacher competency was constructed and piloted. Following the second pilot and factor analysis of the data, the items were reduced to 16. Test-retest reliability was .81. High correlations between items and their subscale total and low interitem correlations indicate…

Relationships among high school females' self-perceptions on sex-stereotypic attributes and their occupational aspirations and expectations were investigated. Two measures were administered to, and data were collected from, 200 randomly selected females in grade 12 from a large urban school district. Occupational choice was measured by two…

A Swedish study was conducted to examine how the experiences of work and leisure affect expectancy and valence in relation to interest in participating in adult education. A cross sectional sample of 945 persons with short previous formal education was interviewed. The results indicated the existence of an integrated relationship between work and…