This study attempted to determine the effects of students' motor ability level on teacher expectations and dyadic interactions within individual, competitive, and cooperative instructional settings in elementary physical education classes. Results are discussed. (Author/DF)

A study of university students suggests a complex shift in the meaning of "success" since the early 1970s. New definitions emphasize the following: (1) need for varied skills and adaptable personalities; (2) expectation of multiple career paths; (3) rejection of traditional ideas of success; and (4) hard work as a prescription for life. (PS)

Ways in which the fragile nature of the authority to teach can be damaged or disturbed are explored. Teachers need to reflect on specific classroom practices and consider how patterns of expectation may condition their effective authority. (CB)

Preschool, third-grade and sixth-grade children, and adults were shown vignettes depicting eight types of experiences and asked for their own (for children) or the children's (for adults) expected emotional reactions. Overall, adults showed an absence of developmental considerations in their implicit theories of children's emotional…

This study investigates students achievement in physics and related Piagetian tasks in relation to noninduced student expectations and sex and sex-role stereotyped expectations. Data revealed that subjects' achievement expectations were significantly related to their achievement. Significant relationship and interaction effects were recorded…

Reviews literature on member characteristics and conditions that increase the likelihood of group participation. Describes positive consequences of small group participation and antecedents to participation including attitudes, atmosphere, leader characteristics, expectations, and group structure. (JAC)

Examined client preferences and anticipations in relation to counselor self-disclosure. Subjects (N=120) viewed a videotape of a counseling session. As predicted, subjects gave higher ratings to self-disclosing counselors. Confirmation of high preferences and anticipations and disconfirmation of low preferences and expectations led to higher…

Every presidency is a unique situation depending on the characteristics of the person in office, the campus, past and present public expectations of a college president, and many other factors, and not on power and influence. (MSE)

Addresses limitations of previous research by testing second-, fourth-, and sixth-grade children on three measures: an open-ended interview, a story-recognition task, and a questionnaire about the importance of different characteristics to friendships and acquaintanceships. Friendship expectations based on dispositional characteristics increased…

Presents model aimed at resolution of discrepancies between group objectives and individual behavior under certain conditions using step-by-step analysis based on game theory. May be applied by administrators or managers to educational, industrial, or bureaucratic situations where these "people problems" are present. (NEC)

The concept of faculty effectiveness, individually and as a group, is examined, changes in the criteria of effectiveness in the course of faculty careers are considered, and suggestions for assessing effectiveness are discussed. (MSE)

Discusses the effect of race and sex bias on student achievement in science and mathematics. Evidence shows that differing expectations and treatment of students have an impact on achievement. Includes discussions of programs that have effectively increased certain groups' achievement levels. Includes 26 references. (MD)

Reviews recent research in American Indian mathematics achievement. Discusses three promising areas of research into the subject of mathematics underachievement by Native American students: student, teacher, counselor and parent expectations of students in mathematics; the need for culturally based programs in mathematics; and improved pedagogy.…

Examines 8- to 12-year-olds' perceptions of parents' responses to sons and daughters experiencing interpersonal conflicts. Reports that children expect parents to respond in a manner consistent with traditional instrumental-expressive sex-role stereotypes. (Author/KH)

The article offers guidelines to special educators designed to improve consultation skills, specifically in observing the referral settings, clarifying roles, establishing referent power, maintaining positive expectations, and planning and monitoring the intervention program. (CL)