The essays of 480 children from 6 to 14 years of age were content analyzed along 21 dimensions of friendship expectation. Results supported an invariant-sequence interpretation for the 11 dimensions which increased significantly with age. (Author/JMB)

The principal should recommend that the teacher regularly and consciously apply the self-fulfilling prophecy--the idea that one person's expectation for another's behavior can come to serve as a mechanism to help that expectation be fulfilled. (Author/IRT)

Commends cognitive studies for extending our understanding of alcohol use and abuse. The role of vicarious learning and efficacy and outcome expectations in the development, maintenance, and prevention of drinking, is stressed. Reinterpreted concepts of craving and loss of control as well as models of relapse and prevention treatment strategies,…

Examined relationship between decision-making style and counseling expectations in volunteers with rational (N=208), intuitive (N=26), or dependent (N=13) decision-making styles. Results revealed that dependents scored significantly higher than rationals on Acceptance and Nurturance; intuitives scored significantly higher than others on…

The introduction to four papers on generalization in language intervention stresses the importance of generalization, the need to have reasonable expectations for generalization following intervention, and ways that learned insights about language form, content, and use can encourage generalization of new skills. (DB)

Conducted first two phases of longitudinal methodology for collecting student affairs graduates' placement data by comparing graduates' anticipated and actual placements. Results revealed that graduates found themselves in different types of institutions than they had anticipated, fewer followed through to further graduate studies, and many found…

Considering the public's high regard for discipline and the clear relationship between a safe and orderly environment and school effectiveness, no school can afford to operate without a properly developed discipline code handbook. Faculty, staff, and students need to be involved to make the handbook an effective blueprint governing behavior…

Administered questionnaire on tornado hazard to 142 adults. Results indicated that subject's gender and education level were best predictors of perceived probability of tornado recurrence; that ratings of severity of potential damage were related to education level; and that gender accounted for significant percentage of variance in anxiety…

This second validation study of the Parent Opinion Questionnaire (POQ) compared the unrealistic expectations of child abusing mothers (N=16) with mothers whose partners perpetrated the abuse (N=14). Significantly greater unrealistic expectations of child behavior were found for abusing mothers than for control mothers. A discriminant function…

Suggests job aids have motivational benefits and discusses three ways in which they positively affect motivation: increases worker's confidence of success and amount of effort they are willing to invest in attempting tasks; increases expectancy while decreasing amount of motivation needed; and reinforces task importance. (MBR)

Examined the relationship between sex and career and lifestyle expectations of 128 students. Results indicated no sex differences in curricular or post-secondary plans. Equal proportions of males and females indicated professional career aspirations, however, they differed in their choices along traditional lines. Males expected to achieve their…

Assessed relationship between age and treatment expectation (TE) among psychiatric patients. Results showed TE rises with age. Higher TE lead to better adjustment, however, older age and higher TE in combination, did not translate into better community adjustment. Differences were most pronounced in psychotics and in older patients not fully…

The equivocal relationship between contact with and perceptions of the elderly obtained in previous research is attributed to limitations in the way contact has been assessed. Multiple regression analyses identified several aspects of quality of contact with the elderly that reliably predicted attitudes toward and perceptions of them. (Author/ABB)

Results of sex by attribution manipulations indicated that without the effort attribution, women in mixed-sex situations had lower expectations, performed worse, rewarded themselves less and attributed their poor performance to a lack of ability. In same-sex and alone situations, women's expectations, performance and self-reward did not differ.…

Compared the effectiveness of verbal and written contracts in family therapy (N=65). Results indicated that while neither technique was superior, there were several distinctions between them. Written contracts were more successful in communicating explicit goals. (JAC)