This study investigates age differences in children's semantic expectations regarding causal relations in stories about three realistic goal situations (being friendly, getting a dog, and doing chores). Twenty children at each of three age levels (ages 6, 9, and 12) were asked to produce stories and answer probe questions about wanting and not…

Evidence presented by psychologists has indicated that perceptual development results in part from learned experience and may be modified to varying deqrees by social pressure. Since vision is a primary source of perceptual information for art education, this study sought to determine the effects of prophecy, or expectation, on perceptual response…

An experiment is reported in which an attempt was made to bias college students' observations of a videotape of children at play. The study is framed in terms of W.I. Thomas' ideas concerning the definition of the situation. Observer bias is an instance when a definition of a situation is based primarily on subjective situational factors. Reliance…

This study examined students at two different age levels to determine if those forced into having valid expectations tended to exhibit increased motivation and, by extention, improved performance. Motivation was determined by measuring both student performance and the time spent on the performance task. Eighty students from two grade levels (six…

A study was made of the problem of representing the expectations of mean squares associated with analysis of variance sources of variation for experimental designs. These designs have a factorial structure over repeated measures or, for some other reason, have variates within a factorial design not all of which are mutually independent. A simple…

Junior high school boys ranked each other on perceived academic ability (PAA) and social power with great consistency. Holding social power constant, four-man groups were formed with either two high and two medium PAA boys or two medium and two low PAA boys, and each group played a non-academic, co-operative simulation game. In each condition, the…

The learning activity, designed for the use of high school students in a family life education course, is designed to explore attitudes towards mate qualities in order to increase the students' awareness of marital expectations. The activity utilizes the format of an auction game and a group discussion. (EC)

Two studies were conducted to investigate the relationship between academic performance and physical attractiveness, using an elementary school sample. (BRT)

Not only are goal expectations assessed in this study, but also the extent to which goals are realized. Profiles are developed of the noncredit course enrollees on the different campuses of the university. (KR)

The interaction between peasants and agents of social change is examined and seen as an unequal exchange of mutual expectations. If the cycle of peasant exploitation is to change, rural development must be integral to national development programs. (Author/KR)

A pair of studies conducted with first, third, and fifth graders supports the prediction that concrete, quantitative feedback, as opposed to qualitative comments, increases the validity of children's expectations of their level of performance. (Editor)

Intended for parents of gifted children, the article considers the child's obligations to use his gifted abilities and the effect of a gifted child on parents' self concept. (SBH)

Mothers and fathers of 40 preschool children equally distributed by child gender and socioeconomic status (low and middle) were asked to predict the level of success for their child on 4 achievement-type tasks. (Author/JMB)

Shows that success experiences influence self-evaluations but not expectations of future success. (RL)