Discusses the strategies that a child might employ during the one-word stage in constructing an early lexicon. An attempt is made to shed light on some strategies by analyzing the lexical and phonological development of two children who seem to take opposite approaches. (Author/JL)

In a laboratory procedure, 66 infants of 12 months were given happy, fearful, and conflicting emotional signals by their mothers and fathers with reference to five unusual toy stimuli. There were marked differences among infants in their capacity for and style of coping with conflict. A variety of specific responses to conflict were observed. (RH)

Although educators seem reluctant to integrate sex into the curriculum, covert sexual instruction comprises a large part of the hidden curriculum and ambience of any junior or high school. When presenting heterosexual mechanics, most health classes bypass homosexuality, safer sex practices, abortion ethics, and birth control methods. Honest…

Study of 119 counseling psychologists revealed that counselor individual differences in cognitive complexity, but not preferences for client problems, moderated cognitive processes that lead to bias in clinical judgment. Counseling psychologists with lower cognitive complexity were more likely to form biased clinical judgments than were those with…

Tests with 2 pairs of tasks differing in cognitive complexity performed by 20 young and 20 old adults support a model for the determination of time-accuracy functions (TAFs) for individual participants. Findings replicate the established interactions between age and task complexity in the context of TAFs. (SLD)

Examined data from 140 persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) to determine vocational status of persons with SCI living in the community. Of participants, 27% were employed, with 35% in unpaid productive activities, and 38% unemployed. Sex, ethnicity, education, and disability were statistically significant correlates of vocational status.…

The emerging approach to talent development differs from traditional gifted education in several ways. Instead of stressing acceleration or enrichment, the Levels of Service model blends many services and activities with other school activities to respond to students' individual talents, strengths, and sustained interests. Teachers do not compete…

Individual differences in responsibility may be observed in a doctoral candidate's assumption of responsibility for completing the doctoral dissertation. Responses to the Responsibility Scale by 142 doctoral graduates and 97 nongraduates (all but dissertation) show that two factors underlie responses to the scale. Appendix contains the…

Explores the primary deputy head's role, focusing on the deputy/head interrelationship, based on interviews with administrators of 10 (British) primary schools. Identifies factors influencing this interrelationship, highlighting partner similarities and the use of complementarity, compensation, tolerance, acceptance, and accommodation to handle…

The employment status of 384 college graduates was measured at graduation and four months later. Job-search self-efficacy predicted preparatory and active job search and its intensity, as well as employment status at graduation. Preparatory job-search behavior predicted employment status after four months. (SK)

Explores a study investigating the effect of individual cognitive styles on learning through computer-based instruction. Identifies a significant difference between the cognitive styles on test scores, in particular the Wholist/Verbaliser group, and indicates a potential for cognitive styles to influence learning outcomes measured by performance…

Lists characteristics of gifted and talented (G/T) students and analyzes how these characteristics show how G/T students can excel in writing and understanding poetry. Describes techniques for poetry writing that can help these students understand their own difference and diversity, and notes specific poetry to read about the subject. (SR)

Describes four behavioral styles (relater, analyzer, director, and socializer) which often reflect the balance of individuals that make up effective administrative leadership teams. Each style has strengths and weaknesses, and each typically has a back-up style used in times of stress. This "style flex" can enable all parties to function in a…

Another Rasch approach to the measurement of change, the multidimensional random coefficient multinomial logit model (MRCML), is proposed. The MRCML model can be applied to polytomous items and the investigation of variations in item difficulties. Some simulation studies demonstrate good parameter recovery for the MRCML model under various testing…

Two studies involving approximately 200 children aged 4 to 12 years show the expected increases in the level of cognitive competencies but show that these increases are not universal. Large inter- and intraindividual differences are found for various types of memory tasks as well as for different domains of scholastic achievement. (SLD)